Part 5 (Endocrine and analgesics)

Question 1

What is the action of Metformin?

Answer 1

reduces production of glucose by the liver; decreases intestinal absorption to increases insulin

Question 2

What is the therapeutic use of Metformin?

Answer 2

Type II diabetes; helps promote weight loss; 1st line of therapy

Question 3

What is the adverse effects of Metformin?

Answer 3

lactic acidosis, dizziness, N/V, abdominal discomfort, cramping, diarrhea

Question 4

What is BBW for Metformin?

Answer 4

risk of lactic acidosis in those over 80 years of age

Question 5

What is the contraindications for Metformin?

Answer 5

older adults over 80 years old, hx of lactic acidosis

Question 6

What is the nursing actions for Metformin?

Answer 6

assess renal function; monitor for muscle cramps

Question 7

What is the patient teaching for Metformin?

Answer 7

take with meals; low cost; no hypoglycemia effects

Question 8

what is the acting time of Humulin R?

Answer 8

short-acting

Question 9

What is the onset of Humulin R?

Answer 9

30 mins - 1hr

Question 10

What is the peak of Humulin R?

Answer 10

2-3 hrs

Question 11

What is the duration of Humulin R?

Answer 11

5-7 hrs

Question 12

What is the action rate of Humulin N (NPH)?

Answer 12

intermediate action

Question 13

What is the onset of Humulin N (NPH)?

Answer 13

1-1.5hrs

Question 14

What is the peak time of Humulin N (NPH)?

Answer 14

8 - 12 hrs

Question 15

What is the Duration of Humulin N (NPH)?

Answer 15

18 - 24 hrs

Question 16

What is action rate for Insulin Glargine?

Answer 16

long-acting

Question 17

What is the onset of Insulin Glargine?

Answer 17

1 hr

Question 18

What is the peak time for Insulin Glargine?

Answer 18

there is none

Question 19

What is the duration of Insulin Glargine?

Answer 19

24hrs

Question 20

what are symptoms for Hypoglycemia?

Answer 20

tachycardia, diaphoresis, fatigue, excessive hunger, tremors, anxiety, confusion, blurred vision, LOC

Question 21

What are symptoms for Hyperglycemia?

Answer 21

polyphagia, polydipsia, polyuria

Question 22

What is the action of Glucagon?

Answer 22

raises blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to convert glycogen into glucose; opposes insulin

Question 23

What is the therapeutic use of Glucagon?

Answer 23

Tx of hypoglycemic episodes

Question 24

What are the contraindications for Glucagon?

Answer 24

depleted glycogen stores such as in starvation, adrenal insufficiency, or chronic hypoglycemia

Question 25

what is the nursing actions for Glucagon?

Answer 25

admin parenteral glucagon if hypoglycemic patient is unconscious

Question 26

what is the action of Levothyroxine?

Answer 26

increase the metabolic rate in the bodies tissue

Question 27

What is the therapeutic use of Levothyroxine?

Answer 27

replacement therapy for hypothyroidism

Question 28

What are the adverse effects of Levothyroxine?

Answer 28

tachycardia, dysrhythmias, angina, MI, HF (nervousness/anxiety, weight loss)

Question 29

What are the contraindications of Levothyroxine?

Answer 29

euthyroid people, thyrotoxicosis, acute MI related to hypothyroidism

Question 30

What is the patient teaching for Levothyroxine?

Answer 30

take on empty stomach; be consistent with timing; lifelong therapy

Question 31

What is the action of Propylthiouracil (PTU)

Answer 31

inhibits production of thyroid hormones and peripheral conversion of T4 to the active T3

Question 32

What is the therapeutic use for Propylthiouracil (PTU)?

Answer 32

hyperthyroidism

Question 33

What is the adverse effect of Propylthiouracil?

Answer 33

bradycardia, heart failure, anemia, leukopenia, rash, HA, dizziness, N/V, abdominal discomfort, edema

Question 34

What are the contraindications for Propylthiouracil?

Answer 34

not recommended for children

Question 35

What is the nursing actions for Propylthiouracil?

Answer 35

assess liver functions, monitor weight; monitor BP and HR (they should start to decrease over time)

Question 36

What drug class is Morphine Sulfate in?

Answer 36

opioids

Question 37

What is the action of Morphine Sulfate?

Answer 37

binds to receptors in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral tissue to block or decrease transmission of pain impulses.

Question 38

What is the therapeutic use of Morphine Sulfate?

Answer 38

prevent or relieve acute or chronic pain

Question 39

What are the adverse effects of Morphine Sulfate?

Answer 39

CNS depression, respiratory depression, N/V, pupil constriction, decreased GI mobility

Question 40

What are the contraindications for Morphine Sulfate?

Answer 40

respiratory depression, acute/chronic lung disease, pregnancy, head injury

Question 41

What is the BBW for Morphine Sulfate?

Answer 41

combined use of opioid analgesic with benzodiazepines - risk of serious adverse reactions

Question 42

What are the nursing actions for Morphine Sulfate?

Answer 42

assess pain, monitor RR, naloxone is the antidote

Question 43

What is the patient teaching for Morphine Sulfate?

Answer 43

avoid depressants

Question 44

What is Propofol?

Answer 44

general anesthesia

Question 45

What is the action of Propofol?

Answer 45

blocks perception of pain by causing amnesia, euphoria, and hypnotic

Question 46

What is the therapeutic use for Propofol?

Answer 46

induction and maintenance of general anesthesia

Question 47

What are the adverse effects of Propofol?

Answer 47

pain, burning or stinging at the IV site, hiccups, and myoclonic movements.

Question 48

What are the contraindications for Propofol?

Answer 48

allergy to soybean or any soy products, egg or egg products