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Pharmacology Final Exam > Part 3 (respiratory, cancer, diuretics) > Flashcards

Part 3 (respiratory, cancer, diuretics) Flashcards

1
Q

What drug class is Diphenhydramine in?

A

Antihistamines

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2
Q

what is the action of Diphenhydramine?

A

occupies histamine receptor sites, preventing histamine form action on target tissue

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3
Q

what is the therapeutic use of Diphenhydramine?

A

hypersensitivity reactions, motion sickness, insomnia, Parkinsonism

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4
Q

What are the adverse effects of Diphenhydramine?

A

drowsiness, mental impairment, sedation, anticholinergic effects (blurred vision, urinary retention, dry mouth, and constipation)
- can’t see, can’t pee, can’t spit, can’t shit

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5
Q

what are the contraindications of Diphenhydramine?

A

pregnancy, prostatic hypertrophy, cation in older adults

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6
Q

What is the patient teaching for Diphenhydramine?

A

do not perform tasks that require mental alertness ex. driving; do not take if you have asthma, pneumonia, or bronchitis; avoid prolong sun exposure

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7
Q

what drug class is Albuterol in?

A

SABA (short acting beta antagonist), adrenergic

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8
Q

What is the action of Albuterol?

A

Bronchodilator

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9
Q

what is the therapeutic use of Albuterol?

A

treats and prevents bronchospasms in people w/ asthma and other reversible obstructive airway diseases.

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10
Q

What are the adverse effects of Albuterol?

A

muscle tremors, angina, tachycardia, palpitations, agitation, anxiety, insomnia, seizures, and tremors.

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11
Q

what are the contraindications of Albuterol?

A

cardiac tachydysrhythmia, severe coronary artery disease.

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12
Q

What are the nursing actions for Albuterol?

A

cardiac monitoring, assess respiratory functions, rinse mouth after use

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13
Q

what drug class is Salmeterol in?

A

LABA (Long-acting beat antagonist) adrenergic

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14
Q

what is the action of Salmeterol?

A

long active bronchodilator

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15
Q

what is the therapeutic use of Salmeterol?

A

prophylaxis of acute bronchoconstriction

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16
Q

what is Salmeterol BBW for?

A

initiating salmeterol in people with significantly worsening or acutely deteriorating asthma may be life threatening

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17
Q

what is the patient teaching for Salmeterol?

A

do not use more often than every 12 hours

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18
Q

what drug class is Beclomethasone in?

A

Inhaled corticosteroids

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19
Q

what is the action of Beclomethasone?

A

suppress releases of inflammatory mediators, blocks generation of cytokines, and decreases recruitment of airways eosinophils.

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20
Q

what is the therapeutic use of Baclomethasone?

A

prophylaxis management of asthma; used in combination with bronchodilators

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21
Q

what are the adverse effects of Beclomethasone?

A

Ha, cough, dry mouth, hoarseness, oral fungal infection, nausea,

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22
Q

what are the contraindications of Beclomethasone?

A

recent nasal surgery, injury, or ulcers

23
Q

what is the patient teaching of Beclomethasone?

A

rinse mouth after use to prevent fungal infections

24
Q

what drug class is Cyclophosphamide in?

A

alkylating drugs (Cancer)

25
Q

What is the action of Cyclophosphamide?

A

interrupts cell division and leads to cell death or impairment cell functioning.

26
Q

what is the therapeutic use of Cyclophosphamide?

A

Tx of cancer

27
Q

what are the adverse effects of Cyclophosphamide?

A

bone marrow depression, N/V, alopecia, bleeding

28
Q

What are the nursing actions of Cyclophosphamide?

A

check liver functions before administration

29
Q

What is the patient teaching for Cyclophosphamide?

A

take on empty stomach if possible; drink plenty of water, report bloody urine

30
Q

What drug class is Alemtuzumab in?

A

Biologics (Cancer)

31
Q

What is the action of Alemtuzumab?

A

Activates antibody and complement medicated cytotoxicity

32
Q

What is the therapeutic use for Alemtuzumab?

A

Tx of cancer

33
Q

What are the adverse effects of Alemtuzumab?

A

Immunosuppressant, hypo/hypertension, peripheral edema, N/V/D, mucositis

34
Q

What drug class is Hydrochlorothiazide in?

A

Thiazide (diuretic)

35
Q

What is the action of Hydrochlorothiazide?

A

Decreases absorption of sodium, water, chloride, and bicarbonate in the distal tubule

36
Q

What is the therapeutic use of Hydrochlorothiazide?

A

mild hypertension and heart failure; drug of choice for long-term management

37
Q

What are the adverse effects of Hydrochlorothiazide?

A

hypotension, paresthesia, erectile dysfunction, electrolyte imbalance, dizziness, weakness, diarrhea, constipation

38
Q

What are the contraindications of Hydrochlorothiazide?

A

sulfa allergy

39
Q

What is the nursing actions for Hydrochlorothiazide?

A

can use during pregnancy (B), monitor BUN and Cr levels, watch Na and K levels

40
Q

What is the patient teaching for Hydrochlorothiazide?

A

take in the morning with food; eat foods high in Potassium

41
Q

What drug class is Furosemide in?

A

Loop diuretics

42
Q

What is the action of Furosemide?

A

inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle

43
Q

What is the therapeutic use of Furosemide?

A

1 heart failure drug, edema, pulmonary edema, hepatic and renal disease

44
Q

What are the adverse effects of Furosemide?

A

hypotension, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, dizziness, weakness, HA, ototoxicity

45
Q

What are the contraindications of Furosemide?

A

anuria, sulfa allergy, and pregnancy

46
Q

What is the nursing action for Furosemide?

A

monitor BUN, Cr, Na, and K levels

47
Q

What is the patient teaching for Furosemide?

A

eat potassium-rich foods, reduce salt intake to avoid aggravating edema and hypertension, take in the morning with food.

48
Q

What drug class is Spironolactone in?

A

K-sparing diuretics

49
Q

What is the action of Spironolactone?

A

blocks effects of aldosterone (which retains sodium and water and promotes excretion of potassium

50
Q

What is the therapeutic use of Spironolactone?

A

heart failure, ascites, hypokalemia, hypertension, hyperaldosteronism

51
Q

What are the adverse effects of Spironolactone?

A

Dizziness, HA, abd cramping, diarrhea

52
Q

What is the BBW for Spironolactone for?

A

Avoid in first trimester of pregnancy due to risk of spontaneous abortion or abnormalities

53
Q

What are the contraindications of Spironolactone?

A

Renal insufficiency, 1st trimester of pregnancy

54
Q

What is the patient teaching for Spirolactone?

A

avoid salt substitutes, take in the morning with food

Pharmacology Final Exam (5 decks)

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