part 4 sociologists Flashcards
what sociologists talk about why women are having fewer children?
SHARPE:
- changing ambitions for women from family to work
HARPER:
- educational opportunities is the most important reason for change in opportunities
- a fall in the infant mortality rate rate = fall in birth rate (as families would have replacement children)
ARIES:
- children used to be an economic asset but they are now an economic liability through;
1. legal changes
2. compulsory schooling
ZARETSKY:
- children pester their parents for consumer goods using pester power
BECK AND BECK:
- due to individualisation, people are more likely to choose what is best for them and be more “selfish” in family planning
what sociologists talk about the reasons for the falling death rate?
TRANTER:
- 3/4 of the fall in deaths between the 1800s and 1900s was due to the fall in infectious diseases
MCKEOWN:
- there are higher incomes and living standards
what sociologists talk about the ageing population?
HIRSCH:
- in 2041, there will be as many 78 years olds as 5 year olds
- we have to consider expansions and provisions for public services for the ageing population due to the increase of the burden of dependency
PHILLIPSON:
- the old are less useful to capitalism if they cant be productive, so they are turned over to the family
TOWNSEND:
- old people are judged and and excluded from work, encouraged to retire which forces them to leave work and become dependent
what sociologists talk about the impact that migration has on family structures?
VICTOR:
- 90% of south asian families live in extended structures
- there is less divorce and cohabitation as they have more traditional values
CHAMBERS:
- eastern european families have global networks where they send money home to family members
what do social action sociologists say about power relationships and childhood?
GIDDENS:
- childhood is becoming more individualised because of children’s influence over consumption
- there is a decline in obedience as parents’ relationships with their children have changed
CHAMBERS:
- the rise of gadgets has affected parent and child relationships
what do postmodernists say about power relationships and childhood?
argue that the status of childhood may be improving because of the emergence of new kids of intimate relationships
GIDDENS:
- kids tend to have a more democratic relationship with parents
- things such as chores can be negotiated
CHAPMAN:
- parents have to be somewhat answerable to children in order to get their respect
- not all families experience childhood the same
