Part 3 Chapters 10, 11 and 12 Flashcards
Who is the author of the study “Playing Like a Girl?”
Danielle DiCarlo
Who is the author of the study “Exploring Male Femininity in the “Crisis””?
Michael Atkinson
Who is the author of the study “Indigenous Girls’ Resilience in Settler States”?
Sandrina de Finney
What are the components of idealized femininity?
Weak
Infantilization
Inferiority to their male counterparts
Lack of aggression
Frailty
What are the components of hegemonic masculinity?
Competitiveness
Physical toughness
Speed
Willingness to use aggression
Sport
What are some hegemonic ideas of gender?
Some of the main hegemonic ideas of gender present in this study is the notion that sport is an activity that only men can participate in. This is present in the way female athletes are infantilized by their coaches, seen as “weaker” by their male teammates, etc. It is also demonstrated through compulsory heterosexuality as it is not “masculine” to be anything but a straight, white, male. This is why it is more acceptable for a tomboy, butch, lesbian woman to be an athlete as, though they are still women, the fact that they demonstrate masculine characteristics makes them more masculine and therefore more well suited for sport.
Why are men having cosmetic surgeries?
Men have negotiated the traditional parameters of “masculinity” to include cosmetic bodywork as a consequence “status problems” such as appearance so that they can aesthetically fit into hegemonic masculinity. This is because men who are seen as “not masculine” due to their body image see themselves as inadequate socially and so decide to have the procedure so they can improve their self-esteem.
What are some of the reasons for which men are having cosmetic surgeries?
They are having cosmetic surgeries in order to be able to “fade into the background”. The goal is to make themselves look more average, non-threatening, desirable, etc.
How do men perceive the act of cosmetic surgery?
They think that it builds character as it is a procedure that when they recognize that their bodies are not “masculine enough”, allowing them to take the step to masculinize their bodies and become adequate men
What kinds of jobs do men who have cosmetic surgeries have?
Many of these men have office jobs and want to “look their best” so that they can fit into the ideal body of hegemonic masculinity.
What kinds of men have cosmetic surgeries?
The kinds of men that have cosmetic surgeries are men who have office jobs, jobs where they earn good salary and support their families.
Do men who have cosmetic surgeries share their experiences?
They do not. When men decide to have cosmetic surgery they do so quietly and privately as a consequence of the view that cosmetic surgery is a feminine act even though hegemonic masculinity has changed to include cosmetic surgery in its definition.
What percentage of indigenous children live below the poverty line in Canada?
60%
Even though indigenous children live below the poverty line, what is it that they receive the least of?
They receive the least state funding, which means that they do not get the social and education services they require
What do indigenous girls and women face in addition to the difficulties they face as indigenous people below the poverty line?
They experience gender violence such as sexual exploitation and trafficking
