Part 3

Question 1

Somatopsychic

Answer 1

how subluxation can influence the emotions and other central states

Question 2

somatopsychic hypothesis

Answer 2

pain overloads the ascending pathways and overexcited the reticular activating system, which affects sleep (insomnia, anxiety, depression)

Question 3

cerebral dysfunction syndrome

Answer 3

reduced blood flow to specific regions of the brain, causes “hibernation” or a state of suspended electrical activity in those regions, this effects higher functions

Question 4

symptoms of cerebral dysfunction syndrome

Answer 4

dizziness/giddiness
lethargy/fatigue
insomnia
depression
nervousness
anxiety
disorientation
personality alteration
hyperkinesia
"whining child syndrome"
headache
memory problems
learning disability
changes in viscual acuity
auditory difficulty
poor concentration
clumsiness
mixing up words
loss of libido

Question 5

psychogenic (psychosomatic)

Answer 5

emotional state causes the subluxation

Question 6

possible mechanisms of psychogenic

Answer 6

postural changes associated with non-verbal communication (body language)
diaphragm hypertonicity as a result of acute/chronic alarm state can result in stress in the spine

Question 7

axoplasmic aberration hypothesis

Answer 7

neurotrophic support of body tissues can be adversely affected by VSC due to the disruption of normal axoplasmic transport mechanisms

Question 8

what did Korr says about axoplasmic aberration?

Answer 8

axoplasmic transport can be affected by compression without damage to nerve conduction

Question 9

things that are transported intracellularly

Answer 9

proteins, phospholipids, enzymes, glycoproteins, neurotransmitters, mitochondria

Question 10

vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency hypothesis

Answer 10

cervical subluxation, especially in the presence of spondylosis, can cause compression of deflexion of the vertebral artery, results in cerebral ischemia and neurologic dysfunction

Question 11

what did Haldeman say about VBAI?

Answer 11

potentially more cranial blood flow can diminish through vasoconstriction by autonomic influence

Question 12

what did Ferezy say about VBAI?

Answer 12

careful, biomechanically-correct cervical adjusting may normalize forces applied to the vertebral artery, preventing more VBAI than it causes

Question 13

5Ds and 3Ns of stroke

Answer 13

diploplia     nausea
dizziness     numbness
drop attacks     nystagmus
dysarthria
dysphagia

Question 14

intraneural microcirculation ischemia

Answer 14

effect of mechanical compression, torsion or traction that may be narrowing small blood vessels supplying nerves themselves, causing neuroischemia and altering nerve physiology

Question 15

neurapraxia

Answer 15

manifested clinically as paresthesias

Question 16

venous and lymphatics stasis

Answer 16

small scale mechanical stresses may be sufficient to cause localized venous congestion and or lymphatic stasis with resulting edema or accumulation/metabolites and byproducts of inflammation

Question 17

altered cerebrospinal fluid flow

Answer 17

imporper circulation of CSF due to spinal dysfunction can cause CNS dysfunction

Question 18

axoplasmic flow aberration

Answer 18

VSC can disrupt normal axoplasmic flow without interrupting nromal nerve flow

Question 19

vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency

Answer 19

VSC in cervicals can decrease blood flow, leading to cerebral ischemia and neurologic dysfunction

Question 20

cord compression/myelopathy

Answer 20

compression of the cervical neural canal can lead to neural injury and dysfunction

Question 21

neurodystrophic/neuroimmune hypothesis

Answer 21

subluxation can lead to lowered tissue resistance and compomise the body’s ability to adapt to microorganism

Question 22

somatopsychic hypothesis

Answer 22

how subluxation can influence the emotions and other central states

Question 23

psychogenic hypothesis

Answer 23

emotional state causes the subluxation

Question 24

altered CSF flow

Answer 24

improper CSF flow because of subluxation cause cause CNS dysfunction

Question 25

cerebral dysfunction theroy

Answer 25

decrease cerebral blood flow due to several subluxation effects can cause “hibernation” of certain brain function

Question 26

somatosomatic

Answer 26

somatic afferent bombardment of the dorsal horn, leading to somatic effects like spasm, pain, equilibrium, disrotion, hypomobility, misalignment

Question 27

somatoautonomic

Answer 27

somatic afferent bombardment due to subluxation can cause facilitation of lateral horn can lead to visceral dysfunction

Question 28

viscerosomatic

Answer 28

visceral afferent bombardment from body organs can cause typical referred pain patterns, can cause or predispose spinal levels to VSC through interneural connection on the anterior horn

Question 29

subluxation causes

Answer 29

thoughts, traumas, toxins

Question 30

sympatheticotonia

Answer 30

most accepted current concept, modification of sympathetic nerve activity locally and globally

Question 31

dysautonomia

Answer 31

neurophysoilogic state reflexting abdnormal balance between tone of sympathetics, parasympathetics and ANS

Question 32

dysafferentation

Answer 32

abnormal afferent input as a result of joint restriction

Question 33

nociceptive facilitation

Answer 33

increase in pain

Question 34

mechanoreceptor facilitation

Answer 34

increase in mechanoreceptor

Question 35

subluxation prevention

Answer 35

exercise, avoid”patterns and habits of behavior”, live “natural”