[Part 2]- C1- atomic structure ⚛️

Question 1

Fill in the gaps: Atoms are very small and have a radius of _ x __^-__ m

[Remember: this is about the current model of an atom!]

Answer 1

• Fill in the gaps: Atoms are very small and have a radius of 1 x 10^-10m.
• [also known as 0.1 nm]

Question 2

Do atoms have an overall electrical charge? Explain your answer

Answer 2

• No, atoms don’t have an overall electrical charge
• This is because the number of electrons, is the same number of protons.

Question 3

• Fill in the gaps: The radius of a nucleus is less than 1/_, ___ of the radius of an atom.
• Most of the atom is concentrated in the _______.
• Hint: the current model of the atom

Answer 3

• The radius of a nucleus is less than 1/10, 000 of the radius of an atom.
• Most of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus.

Question 4

[Easy] What is the relative mass and relative charge of a proton?

Answer 4

Relative mass: 1

Relative charge: +1

Question 5

[Easy] What’s the relative mass and relative charge of a neutron?

Hint: charge is neutral

Answer 5

Relative mass: 1

Relative charge: 0

Question 6

[Easy] What’s the relative mass and relative charge of an electron?

Answer 6

Relative mass: very small/0

Relative charge: -1

Question 7

How do we work out the mass number of an element and the atomic number of an element?

Answer 7

• Think M, for massive. Look for the biggest number in that individual element [of the periodic table]
• atomic number [number of protons]- look at the smallest number

Question 8

RECAP: What’s an isotope?

Answer 8

Isotopes are: atoms of the same element, with a different number of neutrons.

Question 9

What’s an ion?

Answer 9

• An ion is an atom, that has an overall charge. They have lost or gained electrons.
• Positive ions= lost electrons
• negative ions= gained electrons.

Question 10

Fill in the gaps: In an atom, the number of electrons is equal to= the number of _______ in the nucleus.

Answer 10

In an atom, the number of electrons is equal to= the number protons in the nucleus.

Question 11

What is the number of protons in an atom, of an element called?

Answer 11

Answer: atomic number.

Question 12

What does the term ‘relative atomic mass’ mean?

Answer 12

• relative atomic mass is always the biggest number on the periodic table (when we look at an element). We don’t have to calculate anything. Think m, for massive.
• [the relative atomic mass, is the average of the mass numbers, of the different isotopes]

Question 13

What’s the equation for calculating the relative atomic mass, based on mass number and percentage abundance [of an isotope] ?

Hint: not atom

Answer 13

Ar= (mass number of isotope 1 ✖️percent abundance of isotope 1) + (mass number of isotope 2 ✖️percentage abundance of isotope 2)
________________________________
100

Question 14

How many electrons can the first energy level hold?

Answer 14

• the first energy level can hold: 2 electrons

Question 15

How many electrons can the second energy level hold?

Answer 15

• the second energy level can hold: 8 electrons

Question 16

How many electrons can the third energy level hold?

Answer 16

• the third energy level can hold: 8 electrons

Question 17

How can many electrons can the fourth energy level hold?

Hint: ?> 12

Answer 17

• the fourth energy level can hold 18 electrons