C5- Chemical changes ⚗️ Flashcards
1
Q
What happens when a metal reacts with oxygen ?
A
- when a metal reacts with oxygen, it forms a metal oxide and a oxidation reaction takes place.
2
Q
What is a oxidation
A
- Oxidation is a reaction that involves gaining oxygen.
- [oxidation is the loss of electrons; the gain of oxygen]
3
Q
What does OIL RIG stand for ?
A
- oxidation is, loss of electrons and gain of oxygen.
- reduction is, gain of electrons and loss of oxygen.
4
Q
What is reduction ?
A
- reduction is a reaction involving the loss of oxygen.
- [reduction is the gain of electrons]
5
Q
What is the mnemonic for remembering the reactivity series ?
A
- Please- potassium
- Stop- sodium
- Lazily- lithium
- Calling- calcium
- Me- magnesium
- A- aluminium
- Careless- carbon
- Zebra- zinc
- Instead- iron
- Try- tin
- Learn- lead
- How- hydrogen
- Copper
- Saves- silver
- Gold
6
Q
How does: pottasium, sodium and lithium react with water ?
Hint: at room temperature
A
- potassium, sodium and lithium will react very rapidly with water, at room temperature.
7
Q
How does: pottasium, sodium and lithium react with acids ?
A
- potassium, sodium and lithium react dangerously fast with acids.
8
Q
- Fill in the gaps: when ______ react, they ____ electrons, forming a positive ion.
- And the reactivity of a metal, depends on its ability to ____ electrons and form a ________ ion.
A
- when metals react, they ,lose electrons, forming a positive ion.
- And the reactivity of a metal, depends on its ability tolose electrons and form a positively charged ion.
9
Q
Where are unreactive metals such as gold found ? 🧈
A
- unreactive metals such as gold, are found in the Earth as the metal itself.
10
Q
What will a more reactive element do to its compound ?
A
- a more reactive element, will displace [push out] a less reactive element, from its compound.
11
Q
How can we extract metals that are more reactive than carbon ?
A
- metals that are higher on the reactivity series than carbon, can be extracted using electrolysis of the molten metal compound- which will extract those metals, from their ore.
12
Q
What is a ore ?
Hint: a rock
A
- an ore is, a rock with a large amount of metal compound.
13
Q
How can metals that are less reactive than carbon be extracted ?
A
- metals that are less reactive than carbon can be extracted, from their oxides, by reduction with carbon.
14
Q
In aqueous solutions, what do acids produce ?
A
- in aqueous solutions, acids produce hydrogen ions [H+].
- ; acid molecules ionise [split] in aqueous solutions, and release H+ ions.
15
Q
How does the amount of free H+ ions affect the pH ?
Hint: opposite
A
- if there are more H+ ions= the acid will be stronger, having a lower pH.
- ; if there are less H+ ions= the acid will be weaker, and have a higher pH.
