Part 2

Question 1

The important info of DNA is…

Answer 1

…in the center (between the antiparallels)

Question 2

In DNA replication

Answer 2

we first replicate one strand and use it as a template to create a new one

Question 3

We can make old DNA:

Answer 3

• radioactive

- heavier

Question 4

Atomic mass of regular N

Answer 4

14

Question 5

Meselson & Stahl

Answer 5

Tested the hypothesis of DNA replication**

Question 6

Atomic mass of heavy N

Answer 6

15

Question 7

Meselson & Stahl’s Test

Answer 7

• Culture bacteria in 15N medium (heavier nitrogen)
• They changed bacteria to 14 N medium (regular)

Question 8

Enzyme that is in charge of DNA replication

Answer 8

DNA polymerase

Question 9

Arthur Kornberg

Answer 9

studied DNA polymerase and DNA replication***

Question 10

PPP

Answer 10

is a reactive group**

Question 11

DNA helicase

Answer 11

opens up the helix in ADN during replication - unzips, unwinds

Question 12

Primase

Answer 12

puts in primers and adds them to adn**

Question 13

Ligase

Answer 13

this enzyme joins little pieces of replicated DNA together

Question 14

Topoisomerase

Answer 14

untangle 2 topoisomers of DNA during replication

wherever they meet, it makes a cut (breaks bonds) and separates them

Question 15

With DNA polymerase

Answer 15

1/1000 chances of getting wrong :(

Question 16

With Proofreading

Answer 16

1/1000000 chances of getting wrong :(

Question 17

Mismatch detection

Answer 17

You now have enzymes that scan through DNA and detect where is a wrong nucleotide inserted

Question 18

With mismatch detection

Answer 18

1/(10^9) :D (only 3 mutations)

Question 19

There are _______ bases in our DNA

Answer 19

3 billion

Question 20

Kornberg’s polymerase

Answer 20

20 to 50 nucleotides/sec vs 1000 nucleotides/sec :(

Question 21

Mutant DNA Polymerase***

Answer 21

If Kornberg’s polymerase I is not the main DNA polymerase, the you could find a mutant with effective DNA polymerase

Question 22

Grifith’s experiment

Answer 22

Mice infected with bacteria

S strain=virulent

Question 23

Tricks of cloning

Answer 23

Partial Digest

Question 24

Partial digest

Answer 24

Adding less restriction enzyme(ej EcoRI) in order to get a partial representation of the gene.