Part 2 Flashcards
Name muscles in the side of neck :
Scalene muscles ;
(Scalenus anterior, Scalenus medius, Scalenus posterior)
Name a muscle in back of neck :
Trapezius
What is the origin of the platysma?
From fascia of the front of chest covering pectoralis major & deltoid muscle
What is the insertion of the platysma?
Into lower border of the mandible
What is the nerve supply of the platysma?
Cervical branch of facial nerve
What is the action of the platysma?
Wrinkles skin of neck & depress mandible
What are the 4 cutaneous nerves present in the superficial fascia of the neck?
Great auricular, Lesser occipital, Transverse cervical, Supraclavicular nerves
What are the 2 superficial veins in the superficial fascia of the neck?
Anterior jugular vein & External jugular vein
Where does the anterior jugular vein drain?
Into External jugular vein
Where does the external jugular vein drain?
Into Subclavian vein
What are the parts of the deep fascia of the neck?
General investing fascia, Pretracheal fascia, Carotid sheath, Prevertebral fascia
What are the contents of the carotid sheath?
Common carotid artery (CCA), internal carotid artery (ICA), internal jugular vein (IJV), last 4 cranial nerves
Which artery is present outside the carotid sheath?
External carotid artery (ECA)
Which artery is present inside the upper part of the carotid sheath?
Internal carotid artery (ICA)
Which artery is present inside the lower part of the carotid sheath?
Common carotid artery (CCA)
Which cranial nerves are in the upper part of the carotid sheath?
Last 4 cranial nerves (glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal nerves)
Which cranial nerve remains in the lower part of the carotid sheath?
Vagus nerve
What is the origin of the sternomastoid?
Sternal head: from Sternum Clavicular head: from medial 1/3 of Clavicle
What is the insertion of the sternomastoid?
Into Mastoid process & lateral 1/3 of Superior nuchal line
What is the nerve supply of the sternomastoid?
motor: from Spinal accessory nerve sensory: from C2 & C3
What is the action of the sternomastoid?
When both muscles contract, they bend the neck forwards; if only one muscle contracts, it bends the neck and turns it to the opposite side
What are the supra-hyoid muscles?
Digastric, Stylohyoid, Mylohyoid, Geniohyoid
What is the origin of the digastric muscle?
Anterior belly: from digastric fossa on the lower border of mandible Posterior belly: from medial surface of mastoid process
What is the insertion of the digastric muscle?
Both bellies are inserted into an intermediate tendon
What is the nerve supply of the digastric muscle?
Anterior belly: nerve to mylohyoid Posterior belly: Facial nerve
What is the action of the digastric muscle?
Anterior belly: Depresses the mandible
Posterior belly: Elevates the hyoid bone
What is the origin of the mylohyoid muscle?
From mylohyoid line on inner surface of mandible body
What is the insertion of the mylohyoid muscle?
Anterior fibers into median raphe & Posterior fibers into hyoid bone
What is the nerve supply of the mylohyoid muscle?
Nerve to mylohyoid
What is the action of the mylohyoid muscle?
Support floor of mouth, elevates hyoid bone & depresses mandible
What are the infra-hyoid muscles?
Omohyoid, Sternohyoid, Sternothyroid, Thyrohyoid
What are the subdivisions of the anterior triangle of the neck?
Digastric triangle, Muscular triangle, Carotid triangle, Submental triangle.
What are the boundaries of the digastric triangle?
Boundaries:
Above: Lower border of mandible,
Anteriorly & below: Anterior belly of digastric,
Posteriorly & below: Posterior belly of digastric.
What are the contents of the digastric triangle?
Contents:
Submandibular gland; Facial A; Common facial V; Lingual N; Hypoglossal N; Lymph nodes.
What are the boundaries of the muscular triangle?
Boundaries:
Anteriorly: Midline of the neck, Posteriorly & above: Superior belly of omohyoid,
Posteriorly & below: Sternomastoid.
What are the contents of the muscular triangle?
Contents: Infrahyoid muscles & Thyroid gland.
What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle?
Boundaries:
Anteriorly & above: Posterior belly of digastric,
Anteriorly & below: Superior belly of omohyoid,
Posteriorly: Sternomastoid.
What are the contents of the carotid triangle?
Contents: Carotid sheath and its contents.
