Part 2

Question 1

The typical clinical signs of methemoglobinemia are?

Answer 1

Cyanosis, dyspnoea (shortness of breath) and anoxic convulsions.

Question 2

Zinc phosphide (Zn3P2) is used as?

Answer 2

Rodenticide.

Question 3

Which symptom on pupil is manifested in atropine intoxication?

Answer 3

Mydriasis.

Question 4

Blood samples for the Chemical-toxicological analysis are preserved by?

Answer 4

Only freezing without chemicals.

Question 5

The positive result in the determination of Mercury without sample adjustment is?

Answer 5

The coating, similar to hoar frost (feathery frost), is created on the aluminium wire.

Question 6

Which substance is determined by the Gutzeit’s reaction?

Answer 6

Arsenic.

Question 7

Venous blood with higher concentration of H2S is?

Answer 7

Grey or black colour.

Question 8

Iron creates with Sodium carbonate?

Answer 8

Red precipitate.

Question 9

Red precipitate is created by the reaction of?

Answer 9

Mercury with Potassium iodine.

Question 10

Excess circulating MtHb is efficiently reconverted into reduced hemoglobin by the?

Answer 10

Intraerythrocytary methemoglobin reductase.

Question 11

Hemoglobin with Carbon monoxide creates?

Answer 11

Carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO).
- Extra: Methemoglobin with Carbon monoxide -> Carboxymethemoglobin (MtHbCO).

Question 12

Methemoglobinemia is treated by the application of Methylene blue i.v. at the dose of?

Answer 12

1-2 mg/kg b.w.

Question 13

Write etiology of poisoning, mechanism of action, clinical symptomatology, therapy and clinical toxicological analysis in NaCl poisoning:

Answer 13

• Sodium chloride is used as feed additive. Chloride and Sodium ions are a natural part of animal and plant tissue. Most frequent cause of intoxication is the ingestion of forage with a high content of NaCl, overdosage or inadequate mixing of NaCl in the diet and from shortage of water. Lethal doses of NaCl depend on the species.
• Clinical symptoms:
• Pigs: thirst, salivation, pruritus, diarrhoea, excitation, uncoordinated moving, spasms, paralysis of hind legs and death within 24 hours.
• Cattle: in Acute poisoning - thirst, regurgitation, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, ataxia, rotation, blindness and in Chronic poisoning - gastroenteritis, mass loss and dehydration.
• Poultry: thirst, dyspnoe, fluid discharge from beak, weakness, diarrhoea and leg paralysis.
• Therapy:
  Oral administration of fresh water or i.v./i.m. administration of Calcium preparations.

Question 14

The specifications of sampling in fish intoxication are?

Answer 14

• Take the whole dead fish.
• 1L of intoxicated water.
• Map of intoxicated area.
• Samples from above and below intoxicated area.