Part 2

Question 1

What are exons?

Answer 1

Nucleotides that code for amino acids that will become part of the protein (spliced together)

Question 2

What are introns?

Answer 2

Segments of DNA that do not code for amino acids of a protein (they are between the exons)

Question 3

Step 1: ___________= occurs in the ______, 1/2 _____copied to produce mRNA

Answer 3

Transcription, nucleus, DNA

Question 4

Step 2: _______= occurs in the ______; _____ reads mRNA and links ____ _____ in correct sequence to produce proteins

Answer 4

Translation; ribosome; tRNA; amino acids

Question 5

What is crossing over?

Answer 5

Parts of chromatids are exchanged between homologous chromosomes

Question 6

What is chromosomal mutation?

Answer 6

The change in the structure or number of chromosomes

Question 7

What is gene mutation?

Answer 7

Change that affects a GENE on a chromosome; permanent

Question 8

What are the 4 types of chromosomal mutations?

Answer 8

Translocation, inversion, addition/insertion, and deletion

Question 9

What is translocation?

Answer 9

Part of a chromosome is transferred to a non-homologous chromosome

Question 10

What is inversion?

Answer 10

A piece of a chromosome is rotated (reversed the order of the genes)

Question 11

What is addition/insertion?

Answer 11

A piece of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to a homologous chromosome (some of the gene is repeated)

Question 12

What is deletion?

Answer 12

Piece of chromosome breaks off (loss of some genes)

Question 13

Downs syndrome is known as:

Answer 13

Trisomy 21

Question 14

Klinefelter Syndrome is:

Answer 14

Person has XXY chromosomes
Person considered male
Decrease in testosterone

Question 15

Turner’s Syndrome:

Answer 15

Person has X_ chromosomes, considered female
Missing X chromosome