Part 1 (Decision Making and Situational Awareness) Chapter 4: Situational Awareness Flashcards
_____ and _____ fatigue are less than obvious impacts situational awareness
chronic and acute
Another less than obvious impact on ones ability to pay attention is _____
Multitasking
The lessons of situational awareness can be learned through understanding the science of decision making as well as through anecdotes from ______ experiences
lived
In the quest to understand situational awareness on a deeper level, the found that the amount of scientific research conducted in public safety domains was woefully inadequate and the information that was out there was based on the individuals experiences or opinions.
true
The information in chapter 4’s section (situational Awareness) is based on
the authors original research
________ ________ means the researcher designs the project with the goal of discovering new information - something that has not been previously discovered
Original research
The author found ___ different definitions of situational awareness. The definition that he believes fits best for public safety providers was created by researcher Dr. Mica Endsley.
7
Dr. Mica Endsley, whose company SA Technologies (SA standing for _______) works extensively in the area of situational awareness research, design, training, and measurement. The company has completed extensive research in aviation, air traffic control, space exploration, maintenance, power systems, transportation, medicine, and the military
situational awareness
“Being aware of what is happening around you and understanding what information means to you now and in the future” describes:
Situational awareness by Dr. Endsley
Dr. Endsley populates the 3 levels of situational awareness which are
1) Perception Phase
2) Comprehension Phase
3) Projection Phase
This phase is capturing the information about what is happening. You can think of it as “paying attention” and its the beginning of situational awareness formation.
Perception phase - Level 1 situational awareness
The ____ level of situational awareness occurs when the decision maker captures the clues and cues in the current situation. ______ situational awareness is the key to a decision makers ability to conduct and effective size-up.
First, Level 1
At this point, the decision maker takes the clues and cues captured, sorts them out, and makes sense of them. This is where the decision maker figures out what is going on - deriving meaning from the combined clues and cues. At this point, the decision maker _____ what is happening
Comprehension Phase - Level 2 situational awareness.
comprehends
In this phase, decision makers make assumptions and predictions on what will happen next. This is considered the highest and most complex level of situational awareness - foretelling future events
Projection Phase - Level 3 situational awareness.
developing and maintaining each level of situational awareness is not a one-time process; rather, it’s _____
continual
_____ ____ is when stress causes time distortion. This can make it difficult for a decision maker to predict the future. This can also cause a inaccurate accounting of the passage of time. An example, you have a expectation in 10 minutes, 20 minutes pass by, but you feel like it has only been 5 minutes.
Temporal distortion
All decision makers have one fallible trait they must reckon with. They are _______. Their brains have a limited capacity to capture and comprehend info. This has nothing to do with intelligence, it has to do with how their brains process information
humans
The average person’s brain can capture, comprehend, and recall about ___ plus or minus ____ pieces of unrelated information
7, 2
This is one of the most effective ways to improve a decision makers ability to develop, maintain, and regain situational awareness and to effectively apply the RPD making process. This is done through training and experience
Subject matter expertise
Research suggests it takes, on average _____ years of regular and routine acquisition of knowledge and skill practice to develop expert level knowledge and performance if a student is in an environment of learning and/or practice two hours each day, five days a week.
10 years
Decision makers acquire their expertise in a 4 step process of progression called
the progression of competency
The 4 steps of the progression of competency are
- unconscious incompetence
- conscious incompetence
- conscious competency
- unconscious competency
The first level of the competency progression is ____ ____. These people don’t know what they don’t know. The cliche “ignorance is bliss” applies here. They are unaware (_______) about how little they know (______). This is knowing nothing about a subject matter
unconscious incompetence
The 2nd stage of the competency progression is ____ ____. At this stage, decision makers become aware of what they don’t know. People progress to this level by taking classes and responding to calls. They might say “ I saw it, but I didn’t know what it meant”
Conscious incompetence
