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Veterinary Clinical Pathology > Part 1: 2nd Module > Flashcards

Part 1: 2nd Module Flashcards

1
Q

is a term for the mass of circulating erythrocytes plus the erythropoietic tissue of the bone marrow

A

Erythron

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2
Q

a hormone released from the kidney which stimulates the bone marrow to undergo hematopoiesis

A

Erythropoietin

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3
Q

total RBCs transmit time for cows

A

4-5 days

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4
Q

total RBCs transmit time for dogs

A

4-7 days

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5
Q

stimuli for erythrocyte production

A

✓ anoxia/hypoxia
✓ repeated bleedings
✓ rbc destroying chemicals
✓ hormones

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6
Q

have projections of variable length that are unevenly spaced on the surface of the red cell

A

Acanthocytes

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7
Q

may be seen as an incidental finding, as a consequence of a high-fat diet, with disorders of lipid metabolism, and with hemangiosarcoma

A

Acanthocytes

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8
Q

in the latter case, it may form when red cells stagnate in cavernous spaces within the tumor, resulting in shifts in lipids in the RBC membrane

A

Acanthocytes

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9
Q

identified when red cells clump or cluster together in groups (not in rows) like a bunch of grapes. it must be differentiated from rouleaux.

A

Agglutination

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10
Q

indicates variable red cell size

A

Anisocytosis

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11
Q

appears as though they have a hole(s) punched through the periphery of the red cell. They are observed most often in the feline blood films. It may result from oxidative injury

A

Blister cells

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12
Q

have a dark central area of hemoglobin, surrounded by a pale zone that in turn is surrounded by a peripheral rim of hemoglobin.

A

Codocytes

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13
Q

increased numbers of ____________ may be present with hepatic disease

A

codocytes

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14
Q

are red cells shaped like tear drops. They are considered artifactual if all points are oriented in the same direction.

A

Dacryocytes

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15
Q

have eccentric hemoglobin distribution due to annealing of a crescent of red cell membrane that excludes hemoglobin

A

eccentrocytes

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16
Q

are thought to be formed either as a result of erythrocyte dehydration or by expansion of the outer leaflet of the red cell membrane

A

Echinocytes

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17
Q

are red cells with an angular shape or short, blunt projections. They are often due to artifact, such as occurs w/ sample aging prior to smear preparation or excessive EDTA exposure

A

Echinocytes I

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18
Q

are spherical red cells with sharp projections of equal length that are evenly spaced on the surface of the red cell. They may be increased in animals with renal disease and/or electrolytes disturbances.

A

Echinocytes III

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19
Q

are oval to cigar-shaped red cells with projections of equal length that are evenly spaced on the surface on the red cell. They may be seen in cats with hepatobiliary disease are rare in other species.

A

Echinoelliptocytes

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20
Q

are oval to cigar-shaped cells. Red cells from Camelidae are normally elliptical

A

Elliptocytes

21
Q

are red cells that have been leached of hemoglobin. They are evidence of intravascular hemolysis.

A

Ghost cells

22
Q

refers to red cell pallor due to in adequate synthesis of hemoglobin.

A

Hypochromasia

23
Q

are crescent-shaped cells cells. they are formed from mechanical shearing of the red cell. are often accompanied by schizocytes

A

Keratocytes

24
Q

are thin, macrocytic red cells with a membrane surface area that exceeds hemoglobin content. They are sometimes seen with hepatic disease

A

Leptocytes

25
Q

(left) are larger than normal red cells

A

macrocytes

26
Q

(right) are smaller than normal red cells

A

microcytes

27
Q

refers to red cells that appear blue-gray with Romanowsky dyes. They correspond to reticulocytes on blood films stained with supravital dyes.

A

Polychromasia

28
Q

can be identified on blood films stained with supra-vital dyes. They correspond to polychromatophils on Romanowsky-stained smears.

A

Reticulocytes

29
Q

are stacks of red cells

A

Rouleaux

30
Q

are red cell fragments attributed to mechanical red cell injury/shearing

A

Schizocytes

31
Q

(left) are small, dark, round RBCs that are formed by the removal of altered red cell membrane without concurrent loss of hemoglobin. Have no central pallor . They may be seen with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia.

A

Spherocytes

32
Q

is used when red cell shape defies description. Seen normal in calves, deer, goats, and pigs which may actually be an in vitro artifact

A

unclassified poikilocytosis

33
Q

refers to diffuse blue speckling (w/ Romanowsky stains) within red cells

A

Basophilic stippling

34
Q

are difficult to visualize with Romanowsky stains where they may be visible as eccentrically located refractile bodies or blebs on the periphery of the red cells

A

Heinz bodies

35
Q

are small, round, dark purple, erythrocyte inclusions representing a portion of the otherwise extruded nucleus.

A

Nuclear remnants

36
Q

are enumerated per 100 leukocytes. It may accompany a regenerative response when anemia is present, but should not be used as the only criterion of RBC regeneration.

A

Nucleated red blood cells

37
Q

generally serve as carrier of hemoglobin

A

red blood cells

38
Q

the latter in turn function as carrier of oxygen and carbon dioxide is known as a?

A

respiratory pigment

39
Q

Erythrocyte destruction

A

✓ changes in membrane permeability and hemolysis
✓ phagocytosis of damaged erythrocytes
✓ fragmentation

40
Q

term used to indicate changes in RBC shape

A

Poikilocytosis

41
Q

variations in rbcs morphology

A

anisocytosis

42
Q

normal biconcave disc. Degree of central pallor varies with species

A

Disocyte

43
Q

Large erythrocyte. It release of immature cells in response to blood loss. Congenital in some POODLE dogs

A

Macrocyte

44
Q

Diffuse blue erythrocytes on Wright’s-Giemsa stains. It release of immature cells in response to blood loss

A

Polychromasia

45
Q

Erythrocyte containing precipitated strands of RNA with supravital stains. It release of immature cells in response to blood loss

A

Reticulocyte

46
Q

Punctate precipitate in cytoplasm. It response to blood loss in ruminants; lead poisoning

A

Basophilic stippling

47
Q

small, single, black staining, round inclusion in various locations within erythrocyte. It response to blood loss; splenic malfunction

A

Nuclear remnant

48
Q

small erythrocyte and it’s disease associated is iron deficiency

A

microcyte

Veterinary Clinical Pathology (4 decks)

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