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Veterinary Clinical Pathology > Part 1: 1st Module > Flashcards

Part 1: 1st Module Flashcards

1
Q

What is Clinical Pathology?

A

Deals with diagnosis of disease by laboratory means. It involves the collection and examination of body fluids and interpretations of laboratory findings. It is applied in both animals and humans

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2
Q

contain reducing agents to prevent oxidation

A

Stuart’s medium

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3
Q

it is used to neutralize certain bacterial inhibitors

A

charcoal

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4
Q

Best example of tissue to collet

A

Collect tissues immediately after death. Live sick animals presented for necropsy

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5
Q

Supplies needed for specimen collection and transport

A

✓ Viral transfer medium (VTM) w/ sterile swabs in zip-locked bag
✓ Dry ice/ ice packs
✓ cold box/styrofoam
✓ pre-printed barcode
✓ glove, mask, and lab gowns
✓ tongue depressor
✓ rapid diagnostic test kit

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6
Q

it is the most common used site for blood collection in the horse, cattle, sheep, goat, camel and large wild mammals; used occasionally in small animals

A

Jugular vein

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7
Q

should be used for blood sample

A

✓ vacutainer tube
✓ vacutainer needle
✓ syringe
✓ needle holder
✓ disinfectant

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8
Q

The most commonly used site for collection of small amount of blood in the dog. By constricting the area on the dorsal aspects of the fore limb at the level of the elbow which can be raised beginning just above the carpal vein.

A

Cephalic vein

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9
Q

can be used in small dog, pig, cat and small lab animals (small dog, rabbit, guinea pig, and monkey).

A

Ear vein

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10
Q

site that can be used in small dog, puppy, guinea pig etc.

A

toe or toe nail

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11
Q

site the can be used in pig, cattle, sheep, rat and mouse

A

tail

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12
Q

commonest method used in the rat and mouse. a small transverse incision with a razor blade produce drops of blood.

A

Amputation

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13
Q

method that is used on the coccygeal vein on the ventral side

A

Venipuncture

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14
Q

site that can be used in animals like bird, fish, and others.

A

Heart

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15
Q

Site that used in dog, cat, small mammals, rat etc.

A

Femoral or Tibial vessels

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16
Q

site used for dairy cattle

A

Mammary vein

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17
Q

site used for the pigs

A

Anterior vena cava

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18
Q

a best method for obtaining a large quantity of blood (1ml) in mouse

A

Retro orbital Venus plexus

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19
Q

this technique is reported to be less traumatic than others

A

Retro orbital Venus plexus

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20
Q

short filled tubes of EDTA cause?

A

false increase in total plasma protein content and a false decrease in PCV and RBC count

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21
Q

In most animals up to _____ ml/kg blood collection has no any adverse effect.

A

0.5

22
Q

are for tests requiring clotted blood

A

Red-stopper tubes

23
Q

container EDTA in concentrated liquid or dessicated powder form

A

Lavender stopper tubes

24
Q

contain heparin and are used for blood gases, pH (CO2, 02)

A

Green stopper tubes

25
Q

contain oxalates, fluorides or citrates

A

Gray stopper tubes

26
Q

available with Acid Citrate Dextrose (ACD) solution or physiological saline solution

A

Yellow stopper tubes

27
Q

Recommended for routine hematological procedures, preserve cellular elements better

A

EDTA (Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid)

28
Q

it form insoluble Ca salts

A

EDTA

29
Q

May shrinks cell because Na salt is less soluble

A

EDTA

30
Q

it’s mode of action is Antithrombin and antithromboplastin

A

Heparin

31
Q

Less effect on RBC hemolysis used for blood gas analysis

A

Heparin

32
Q

may cause clumping of WBC, unsuitable for smears, as it interferes with stain ability of WBC expensive

A

Heparin

33
Q

Combine with Ca to form an insoluble Ca salt

A

Na citrate

34
Q

can be used for blood transfusion

A

Na citrate

35
Q

interferes with many chemical tests, shrink cells

A

Na citrate

36
Q

Units with Ca to form insoluble calcium oxalate

A

Potassium oxalate

37
Q

causes shrinkage, it increase the volume of blood

A

Potassium oxalate

38
Q

Very soluble

A

Potassium oxalate

39
Q

units with Ca to form insoluble calcium oxalate

A

Sodium oxalate

40
Q

Used mainly for prothrombin time

A

Sodium oxalate

41
Q

amount required for EDTA

A

10-20 mg (1ml)

42
Q

Amount required for Heparin

A

1-2 mg (0.2 ml)

43
Q

Amount required for Na citrate

A

10-20 mg (1ml)

44
Q

Amount required for Potassium oxalate

A

20mg (2 drops)

45
Q

amount required for sodium oxalate

A

20mg

46
Q

color of erythrocytes in Cytoplasm and Chromatin

A

Yellow to pinkish- Purple

47
Q

color Lymphocytes in Cytoplasm and Chromatin

A

Blue- Purplish red

48
Q

strain color of monocytes in Cytoplasm and Chromatin

A

Light blue- Purple

49
Q

strain color of Basophils in Cytoplasm

A

Dark purple granules

50
Q

Stain color of Heterophils/Neutrophils in Cytoplasm and Chromatin

A

yellow to brownish red rods- light purple

51
Q

stain color of thrombocytes in Cytoplasm and Chromatin

A

Grey-blue - Purple

Veterinary Clinical Pathology (4 decks)

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