PAROTID GLAND AND CRANIAL NERVE VII Flashcards
The______ region is the Part of face in front of the ear and below the _______ arch
parotid, zygomatic
The parotid region is ?
he Part of face in front of the ear and below the zygomatic arch
The parotid Region features the?
Masseter and the Parotid gland
The parotid Region features the __________ and the ___________ gland
Masseter and the Parotid gland
___________ is the largest and the major salivary gland
it is Mainly serous and has few scattered mucous acini
Parotid Gland
The Parotid gland is the?
Largest and major salivary gland
it secrete mainly serous and has few scattered mucous acini
The Parotid gland is mainly _________ and has few scattered ________ acini
serous and mucous
Extent of the Parotid Gland:
Superior = Zy____tic Arch
Inferior = upper part of the n__k (overlaps poste. belly of digastric + SCM-Ante. border)
Anterior = It overlaps ma___ter
Posterior = below external ac__ic meatus and mas__id process
- Zygomatic
- neck
- masseter
- acoustic ,mastoid
Extent of the Parotid Gland:
Superior = ____________
Inferior = ________________ (overlaps poste. belly of digastric + SCM-Ante. border)
Anterior =________________
Posterior =_________________
- Zygomatic Arch
- upper part of the neck
- It overlaps masseter
- below external acoustic meatus and mastoid process
Investing fascia splits to __________ the parotid gland
surround
RELATIONS OF PAROTID GLAND
Surfaces =
3.
- Lateral (superficial)
- anteromedial
- posteromedial
Lateral surface consist of :
- S__n
- su__cial fascia
- deep ce__cal fascia (investing layer)
- Skin
- superficial fascia
- deep cervical fascia (investing layer)
Lateral surface consist of :
- Skin
- superficial fascia
- deep cervical fascia (investing layer)
Anteromedial surface consist of :
- Masseter
- Mandibular ramus
- medial pterygoid muscle
- parotid duct
- facial nerve
Posteromedial surface consist of:
- Ma__oid process
- ster__cleidomastoid
- Posterior belly of the dig__ric muscle
- Sty__id process
- Stylo__oid Muscle
- Stylog__ssus Muscle
- Stylo__ayrngeus muscle
- Mastoid process
- sternocleidomastoid
- Posterior belly of the digastric muscle
- Styloid process
- Stylohyoid Muscle
- Styloglossus Muscle
- Stylophayrngeus muscle
Posteromedial surface consist of:
- Mastoid process
- sternocleidomastoid
- Posterior belly of the digastric muscle
- Styloid process
- Stylohyoid Muscle
- Styloglossus Muscle
- Stylophayrngeus muscle
Parotid duct and facial nerve runs deep to ______ border
anterior
_________ and _________ runs deep to anterior border
Parotid duct and facial nerve
Terminal Branches of ECA that is a little behind the parotid duct and facial nerve are the?
Superficial temporal + maxillary artery.
The Facial nerve gives of __ branches that become the __________ plexus
5, Parotid plexus
The parotid plexus is in front of the ____________ vein
retromandibular
The 5 branches of the Facial nerve are:
- te__oral Nerve
- zy__atic nerve
- b_ccal nerve
- Marginal man__ular branch
- c___ical branch
- temporal Nerve
- zygomatic nerve
- buccal nerve
- Marginal mandibular branch
- cervical branch
The 5 branches of the Facial nerve are:
- temporal Nerve
(frontalis, corrugator supercilli, procerus)
- zygomatic nerve ( orbicularis oculi)
- buccal nerve ( buccinator, levator labi, anguli oris, orbicularis oris)
- Marginal mandibular branch (depressor labii inferioris)
- cervical branch( platysma)
Retromandibular vein is formed by :
Superficial ______ vein and ______ Vein
Temporal, Maxillary
Retromandibular vein is formed by?
Superficial Temporal vein and Maxillary Vein
Retromandibular V. exits through the lower pole of the gland and Divides into two:
Anterior branch joins ______ vein
Posterior branch + Posterior Auricular vein = ________________
facial, External Jugular Vein
The Parotid Duct is
- _cm long
- Passes across the _______ , Turns around its anterior border
- Pierecs the ________
- Opens on mucous membrane at the side of the cheek opposite the _nd molar tooth
- 5
- masseter
- buccinator
- 2
The Arterial supply to the Parotid gland is the ______1_____
The Venous drainage to the Parotid gland is the ______2____
- External Carotid Artery
2. Retromandibular Vein
Innervation:
Sympathetic = superior Cervical plexus through plexus on ___
Parasympathetic = Aur___otemporal nerve (secretomotor)
- ECA
2. Auriculotemporal
APPLIED CLINICAL ANATOMY
Deep lobe tumours
Deep Part of the parotid that extends behind the mandibular ramus
Lies just lateral to the superior constrictor pharynx
When a parotid tumour, either benign or malignant, occurs in the deep ‘lobe’,
The mass presents as a:
- _______ in the lateral wall of the pharynx and not the face
swelling
APPLIED CLINICAL ANATOMY
Gustatory sweating (Frey’s syndrome or auriculotemporal syndrome)
commonly occurs following parotid _________ or other surgery or trauma that results in opening of the parotid capsule or damage to the parotid gland or to the auriculotemporal nerve.
surgery
Frey’s syndrome is characterized by
- sw__ting,
- w__mth
- re__ness of the face as a result of salivary stimulation by the smell or taste of food
- sweating,
- warmth
- redness of the face as a result of salivary stimulation by the smell or taste of food
NUCLEI OF THE FACIAL NERVE:
- Special visceral afferent :
(originate from nucleus _________)
carrying taste sensation from anterior 2/3 of the tongue.
- Special visceral efferent:
(originate from motor _____ nucleus)
supplying muscles developed from the 2nd pharyngeal arch i.e muscles of facial expression
- General visceral efferent:
(originate from superior _____ nucleus)
sends parasympathetic secretory fibers to submandibular, sublingual, lacrimal, nasal & palatine glands.
- nucleus solitarius
- motor facial nucleus
- superior salivatory nucleus
FIBERS OF THE FACIAL NERVE:
- Special visceral afferent :
(possess nucleus solitarius)
carrying taste sensation from ________ 2/3 of the tongue.
- Special visceral efferent:
(possess motor facial nucleus)
supplying muscles developed from the ______________ i.e muscles of facial expression
- General visceral efferent:
(possess superior salivatory nucleus)
sends ______________ secretory fibers to submandibular, sublingual, lacrimal, nasal & palatine glands.
- anterior 2/3
- 2nd pharyngeal arch
- parasympathetic secretory fibers
The facial nerve emerges from the ______________ angle by 2 roots (Medial motor root AND Lateral root)
cerebellopontine angle
The facial nerve emerges from the cerebellopontine angle by 2 roots:
- Medial motor root: contains _____ fibers.
- Lateral root (nervous intermedius): contains __________ & _______ fibers.
- motor fibers
2. parasympathetic & taste
The Facial nerve runs in the
posterior cranial fossa through the
internal _______ meatus
then to the
_______canal
then to the
_________ foramen
it then enters and ends at
the ________ gland
- internal auditory meatus
- facial canal
- stylomastoid foramen
- parotid
Greater petrosal nerve: carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to
- na_al glands
- la__imal glands
- pa__tine glands.
MNEMONIC: NPL glands
- nasal glands
- lacrimal glands
- palatine glands.
Chorda tympani: carries: a) preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to sub__ndibular & subl__gual glands.
MNEMONIC: SUB ML
b) taste fibers from anterior 2/3 of tongue.
a. submandibular & sublingual glands.
Geniculate ganglion: lies in internal acoustic meatus , contains _________ of _________ carrying taste sensations from anterior 2/3 of tongue.
cell bodies of neurons
______________ lies in internal acoustic meatus , contains cell bodies of neurones carrying taste sensations from anterior 2/3 of tongue.
Geniculate ganglion
Just after emergence from stylomastoid foramen the facial nerve gives off 2 branches:
- Posterior ________: to occipitofrontalis.
- Muscular branches to posterior belly of _________ & ________.
- auricular
2. digastric & stylohyoid.
Inside parotid gland the facial nerve gives off 5 branches:
- te__ral
- zy__matic,
- b__cal,
- ma__ibular
- ce__ical
- temporal
- zygomatic,
- buccal,
- mandibular
- cervical
Bell’s Palsy
Damage to facial nerve results in paralysis of muscles of ______ _______ :
(Bell’s palsy); lower motor neuron lesion (whole face affected)
NB. In upper motor neuron lesion (upper face is intact)
facial expressions
In bells palsy the Face is distorted leading to?
drooping of lower eyelid, sagging of the angle of the mouth, dribbling of saliva, loss of facial expressions, loss of chewing, blowing, sucking, unable to show teeth or close the eye on affected side
