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Orbit And Its Contents Flashcards

1
Q

The bones of the orbit is a _______ shaped cavity

A

pyramidal shaped

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2
Q

The bones of the orbit has the following BOUNDARIES:

A 
An Apex, 
a Base 
and 
4 Margins + 
4 walls (Orbital Roof, Medial and Lateral Orbital Wall, Orbital Floor)

NB:
Apex = optic canal
Base = orbital margins
Has 4 margins + 4 walls

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3
Q

The Apex of the bones of the orbit is formed by the?

A

OPTIC CANAL

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4
Q

The Base of the bones of the orbit is formed by the?

A

ORBITAL MARGINS

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5
Q

The Margin of the bones of the orbit include:

  1. Superior:
    Mnemonic: Superior - F
  2. Inferior:
    Mnemonic: Inferior - ZM
  3. Medial:
    Mnemonic: Medial - FM
  4. Lateral:
    Mnemonic: Lateral - ZF
A
  1. Superior – frontal bone
  2. Inferior – zygomatic and maxillary bones
  3. Medial – frontal and maxillary bones
  4. Lateral – zygomatic and frontal bones
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6
Q

ORBITAL ROOF IS FORMED BY:

A
  1. Orbital plate of the frontal bone
    +
    The lesser wing of the sphenoid bone (posterior part)
  2. Lacrimal gland
  3. Fovea trochlearis
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7
Q

The two bones that form the orbital roof are?

A
  1. Orbital plate of the frontal bone
    +
  2. The lesser wing of the sphenoid bone (posterior part)
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8
Q

Medial Orbital Wall IS FORMED BY :

NB: it is 5cm long

A
  1. Is formed from four bones:
    ( Frontal process of the maxillary bone, Lacrimal bone, Orbital plate of the ethmoidal bone, Body of the sphenoid)
  2. Lacrimal Fossa
  3. Anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina
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9
Q

The four bones that forms the Medial Orbit wall include:

A
  1. Frontal process of the maxillary bone.
  2. Lacrimal bone.
  3. Orbital plate of the ethmoidal bone.
  4. Body of the sphenoid
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10
Q

The four bones that forms the Medial Orbiat wall include:

  1. Frontal process of the ________ bone.
  2. La____al bone.
  3. Orbital plate of the eth___al bone.
  4. Body of the sp____id
A
  1. maxillary Bone
  2. . Lacrimal Bone
  3. ethmoidal Bone
  4. sphenoid Bone
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11
Q

The two bones that form the orbital roof are?

  1. Orbital plate of the fr__al bone
    +
  2. The lesser wing of the sphe___d bone (posterior part)
A
  1. frontal bone

2. sphenoid bone

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12
Q

Anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina
1. Anterior ethmoidal = __mm behind __________ crest
Posterior = ___ mm behind the ante. Ethmoidal foramen

A
  1. 24 mm, anterior lacrimal

2. 12mm, anteerior Ethmoidal

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13
Q

The Orbital Floor is formed by:

A
  1. The floor of the orbit is formed from three bones:
    (Maxillary, Palatine ,Orbital plate of the zygomatic bone)
  2. Infraorbital groove
  3. Inferior oblique muscle
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14
Q

The floor of the orbit is formed from three bones:

A
  1. Maxillary
  2. Palatine
  3. Orbital plate of the zygomatic
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15
Q

The floor of the orbit is formed from three bones:

  1. Ma___ary
  2. Pal__ne
  3. Orbital plate of the zy___matic
A
  1. Maxillary
  2. Palatine
  3. Orbital plate of the zygomatic
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16
Q

Lateral Orbital Wall IS FORMED BY :

NB: It is the Thickest and strongest
5cm; perpendicular to each other

A
  1. Formed from two bones:
    Zygomatic
    Greater wing of the sphenoid
  2. Lateral orbital tubercle (Whitnall’s tubercle)
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17
Q

Lateral Orbital Wall IS FORMED BY 2 Bones :

  1. Zy___atic Bone
  2. Greater wing of the sphe__d Bone
A
  1. Zygomatic Bone

2. Greater wing of the sphenoid

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18
Q

Lateral Orbital Wall IS FORMED BY 2 Bones :

A
  1. Zygomatic Bone

2. Greater wing of the sphenoid

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19
Q

The Orbital Foramina Include:

A
  1. The optic foramen (Optic Nerve)
  2. The supraorbital foramen, or notch (Supra-orbital nerve
    and blood vessels)
  3. The Anterior and Posterior ethmoidal foramen (Anterior and Posterior Ethmoidal Nerves)
  4. The zygomatic foramen ( ZygomaticoFacial and temporal)
  5. Nasolacrimal canal (Nasolacrimal duct)
  6. Infra-orbital canal
7. Superior orbital fissure  (Lacrimal nerve- Ophtalmic nerve branch, 
Frontal nerve - Ophtalmic nerve branch, 
Nasociliary nerve - Ophtalmic nerve branch, 
Trochlear nerve ,
Oculomotor nerve,
Abducent nerve,
Superior ophthalmic
vein)
8. Inferior Orbital fissure
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20
Q

The Orbital Foramina Include:

  1. The _____ foramen (Optic Nerve)
  2. The _________ foramen, or notch (Supra-orbital nerve
    and blood vessels)
  3. The Anterior and Posterior ________ foramen (Anterior and Posterior Ethmoidal Nerves)
  4. The _________ foramen ( ZygomaticoFacial and temporal)
  5. _________ canal (Nasolacrimal duct)
  6. -__________ canal
7. Superior \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ fissure (Lacrimal nerve- Ophtalmic nerve branch, 
Frontal nerve - Ophtalmic nerve branch, 
Nasociliary nerve - Ophtalmic nerve branch, 
Trochlear nerve ,
Oculomotor nerve,
Abducent nerve,
Superior ophthalmic
vein)
  1. Inferior _______ fissure
A
  1. optic
  2. supraorbital
  3. ethmoidal
  4. zygomatic
  5. Nasolacrimal
  6. Infra-orbital
  7. orbital
  8. orbital
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21
Q

Vessels of the orbit are:

1.

3.

A
  1. Ophthalmic artery,
  2. Superior & inferior ophthalmic veins
  3. lymphatics
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22
Q

Vessels of the orbit are:

  1. Op___almic artery,
  2. Superior & inferior Op___almic veins
  3. l____atics
A
  1. Ophthalmic
  2. ophthalmic

3 lymphatics

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23
Q

Ophthalmic artery branches include:

6.

A
  1. central artery of the retina
  2. Muscular branch
  3. ciliary arteries
  4. supra-trochlear arteries
  5. supra-orbital arteries
  6. lacrimal arteries
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24
Q

Ophthalmic artery branches include:

  1. c___al artery of the retina
  2. M____ar branch
  3. cil__y arteries
  4. supra-tr___ear arteries
  5. supra-o___l arteries
  6. l____al arteries
A
  1. central
  2. Muscular
  3. ciliary
  4. trochlear
  5. orbital
  6. lacrimal
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25
Q

Nerves that supply the orbit:

2.

4.

A
  1. Optic CN II
  2. Oculomotor CN III
  3. Trochlear CN IV
  4. Branches of Ophthalmic nerves CN V1 = Lacrimal + Frontal + Nasociliary
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26
Q

Nerves that supply the orbit:

  1. o___c CN II
  2. O___motor CN III
  3. T___lear CN IV
  4. Branches of O___lmic nerves CN V1 = Lacrimal + Frontal + Nasociliary
A
  1. Optic
  2. Oculomotor
  3. Trochlear
  4. Ophthalmic
27
Q

Muscles of the orbits include:

2.

A
  1. Extra Ocular muscles (Superior and Inferior oblique, Superior, Inferior, Medial and Lateral Rectus muscle)
  2. Levator Plapebral Superoris
28
Q

Muscles of the orbits include:

  1. Extra _______ muscles (Superior and Inferior oblique, Superior, Inferior, Medial and Lateral Rectus muscle)
  2. Levator_______ Superoris
A
  1. Ocular

2. Plapebral

29
Q

The Extra ocular muscles involve the four recti and two oblique muscles:

NB: NERVE SUPLPY IS:

AO3 LR6 SO4
AO = All other extraocular muscles: innervated by the third nerve (Oculomotor Nerve)

LR = Lateral rectus: innervated by the sixth nerve (Abducens Nerve)

SO = Superior oblique: innervated by the fourth nerve (Trochlear Nerve)

A
  1. Superior and Inferior oblique
  2. Superior, Inferior, Medial and Lateral Rectus muscle

NERVE SUPLPY IS:

AO3 LR6 SO4
AO = All other extraocular muscles: innervated by the third nerve (Oculomotor Nerve)

LR = Lateral rectus: innervated by the sixth nerve (Abducens Nerve)

SO = Superior oblique: innervated by the fourth nerve (Trochlear Nerve)

30
Q

Levator Palpebrae

ORIGIN:

INSERT:

ACTION:

A

ORIGIN: Lesser wing of Sphenoid

INSERT: Skin of eyelid and Superior tasal plates

ACTION: Elevate the eyelid

31
Q

Levator Palpebrae

ORIGIN: Lesser wing of sp__id

INSERT: Skin of eyelid and Superior t___al plates

ACTION: Elevate the e___d

A

Sphenoid

tarsal

eyelid

32
Q

Superior Rectus

ORIGIN:

INSERT:

ACTION:

NB: Superior, Inferior, Medial, Lateral Rectus all have a common Origin
and Insertion

A

ORIGIN: Common tendinous ring

INSERT: Sclera anterior to the coronal equator

ACTION: Elevation, Medial Deviation & Medial rotation

NB: Superior, Inferior, Medial, Lateral Rectus all have a common Origin
and Insertion

33
Q

Inferior Rectus

ORIGIN:

INSERT:

ACTION:

NB: Superior, Inferior, Medial, Lateral Rectus all have a common Origin
and Insertion

A

ORIGIN: Common tendinous ring

INSERT: Sclera anterior to the coronal equator

ACTION: Elevation, Medial Deviation & Lateral rotation

NB: Superior, Inferior, Medial, Lateral Rectus all have a common Origin
and Insertion

34
Q

Medial Rectus

ORIGIN:

INSERT:

ACTION:

NB: Superior, Inferior, Medial, Lateral Rectus all have a common Origin
and Insertion

A

ORIGIN: Common tendinous ring

INSERT: Sclera anterior to the coronal equator

ACTION: Medial Deviation

NB: Superior, Inferior, Medial, Lateral Rectus all have a common Origin
and Insertion

35
Q

Lateral Rectus

ORIGIN:

INSERT:

ACTION:

NB: Superior, Inferior, Medial, Lateral Rectus all have a common Origin
and Insertion

A

ORIGIN: Common tendinous ring

INSERT: Sclera anterior to the coronal equator

ACTION: Lateral Deviation

NB: Superior, Inferior, Medial, Lateral Rectus all have a common Origin
and Insertion

36
Q

Superior Oblique

ORIGIN:

INSERT:

ACTION:

A

ORIGIN: Body of sphenoid

INSERT: Sclera, postero-superior lateral quadrant

ACTION: Depression, lateral Deviation & Medial rotation

37
Q

Inferior Oblique

ORIGIN:

INSERT:

ACTION:

A

ORIGIN: Maxilla (orbital plate)

INSERT: Sclera, postero-inferiorlateral quadrant

ACTION: Elevation, Lateral Deviation & lateral rotation

38
Q

_______________ is Responsible for the production and drainage of excess tears

A

Lacrimal Apparatus

39
Q

Lacrimal Apparatus is responsible for?

A

production and drainage of excess tears

40
Q

The lacrimal Apparatus consists of:

4.

A
  1. Glands
  2. Lacrimal canaliculi
  3. Lacrimal Sac
  4. Naso-Lacrimal Gland
41
Q

The lacrimal Apparatus consists of:

  1. Gl_nds
  2. Lac__mal ca__culi
  3. Lac__mal Sac
  4. N__o-Lacrimal Gland
A
  1. Glands
  2. Lacrimal canaliculi
  3. Lacrimal Sac
  4. Naso-Lacrimal Gland
42
Q

__________ = drains tears from lacus lacimalis into the sac

A

Lacrimal canaliculi

43
Q

________________ = Medial Wall of the orbit (between lacrimal crests)

A

Lacrimal Sac

44
Q

_______________ = 2 cm long; drains into inferior meatus of nasal cavity

A

Naso-lacrimal Gland

45
Q

________ = roof of the orbit

46
Q

The eyeball is made up of three coats:

  1. Fib__s coat,
  2. Va__ular pigmented coat
  3. Ne__us coat.

(Outwards to Inwards)

A
  1. Fibrous coat,
  2. Vascular pigmented coat\
  3. Nervous coat.
47
Q

The fibrous coat of the eyeball:

  1. . The _____ – poste. 3/4
  2. . The _____ - anterior ¼
A
  1. Sclera

2. Cornea

48
Q

____________ is the area of the sclera that is pierced by the nerve fibres of the optic nerve

A

lamina cribrosa

49
Q

Blood Supply of the cornea:

it’s avascular and devoid of _______ drainage.

50
Q

____________ is in contact posteriorly with the aqueous humor.

51
Q

Nerve Supply of the cornea is the:

______ ciliary nerves from the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve

A

Long ciliary nerves from the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve

52
Q

The vascular coat of the eyeball:

  1. The Ch__oid
  2. The Ci__ary
  3. The Ir_s
A
  1. The Choroid
  2. The Ciliary
  3. The Iris
53
Q

The ciliary body is composed of the ciliary _____, _______ and _______

A

ciliary ring, processes, and muscle.

54
Q

The ciliary ring is the posterior part of the body, and its surface has shallow grooves, the _____________

A

ciliary striae

55
Q

The muscle fibers of the iris:

  1. sp__ter pupillae
  2. Dil__or pupillae
A
  1. sphincter pupillae

2. Dilator pupillae

56
Q

The sphincter pupillae is supplied by p_____hetic fibers from the ___________ nerve

A

parasympathetic, oculomotor

57
Q

The dilator pupillae is supplied by sym____thetic fibers, which pass forward to the eyeball in the long _____ nerves

A

sympathetic, ciliary

58
Q

The nervous coat of the eyeball:

  1. R_na
59
Q

__________ - an oval, yellowish area, the area for the most distinct vision.

A

Macula lutea

60
Q

Macula lutea has a central depression called ___________

A

fovea centralis

61
Q

The optic disc:
About _ mm to the above
slightly depressed at its center, where it is pierced by the ______ artery of the retina.

A

3 mm, central

62
Q

The ____________________ is a clear fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eyeball
A secretion from the ______, processes

A

aqueous humor, ciliary

63
Q

THE CONTENTS OF THE ORBIT INCLUDE:

  1. E___ll
  2. F___a
  3. M__les: Extra-ocular muscles + Levator palpebral superoris
  4. V__els:
    Ophthalmic artery, Superior & inferior ophthalmic veins & lymphatics
  5. N__es: Optic CN II, Oculomotor CNIII, Trochlear CN IV,
    Branches of Ophthalmic nerves CNV1= Lacrimal + Frontal + Nasociliary
  6. L___al gland + Apparatus
  7. F_t
A
  1. Eyeball
  2. Fascia
  3. Muscles
  4. Vessels
  5. Nerves
  6. Lacrimal
  7. fat
64
Q

THE CONTENTS OF THE ORBIT INCLUDE:

A
  1. Eyeball
  2. Fascia
  3. Muscles: Extra-ocular muscles + Levator palpebral superoris
  4. Vessels:
    Ophthalmic artery, Superior & inferior ophthalmic veins & lymphatics
  5. Nerves: Optic CN II, Oculomotor CNIII, Trochlear CN IV,
    Branches of Ophthalmic nerves CNV1= Lacrimal + Frontal + Nasociliary
  6. Lacrimal gland + Apparatus
  7. Fat

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