Nose, Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses Flashcards
nasal cavity extends from nostrils or anterior ______ in front to choanae or posterior _____ behind
nares, nares
Relations of the nasal cavity:
Superiorly: fr__ntal and sph___noidal sinus, an__ior and mi__dle cranial fossa,
Inferiorly: separated from oral cavity by h__ palate
Posteriorly: it communicates with na____rynx, which may be regarded as back portion of nasal cavity
Laterally: face in front &, further back, orbit, maxillary & eth__dal sinuses
- frontal and sphenoidal, anterior and middle
- hard
- nasopharynx
- ethmoidal
Relations of the nasal cavity:
Superiorly: frontal sinus, anterior cranial fossa, sphenoidal sinus & middle cranial fossa
Inferiorly: separated from oral cavity by hard palate
Posteriorly: it communicates with nasopharynx, which may be regarded as back portion of nasal cavity
Laterally: face in front &, further back, orbit, maxillary & ethmoidal sinuses
The piriform aperture is bounded:
- Above: ___________
- laterally & below : ____________
- nasal bones
2. maxillae
The nasal cavity is divided into right & left halves by __________
NB: Each half has a roof, a floor, and medial and lateral walls
nasal septum
Roof of the Nasal Cavity - formed from front-back wards by:
Nasal cartilages,
nasal bone, frontal bone, cribriform plate of ethmoid & body of sphenoid, which is partly covered by vomer & palatine bone
Floor of the Nasal Cavity is formed by:
palatine process of maxilla in front and by horizontal plate of palatine bone behind
Medial wall or Nasal septum of the nasal cavity is formed by:
septal cartilage, perpendicular plate of ethmoid & the vomer
Lateral wall of the nasal cavity is formed by:
nasal bone, maxilla, lacrimal bone, ethmoid bone, inferior nasal concha, palatine bone (perpendicular plate) & sphenoid bone (medial pterygoid plate)
Lateral wall of the nasal cavity is characterized by:
characterized by medial projection of three nasal conchae & their underlying meatuses
Lateral wall of the nasal cavity is characterized by:
characterized by medial projection of three nasal conchae & their underlying ______
meatuses
the three meatuses communicate medially to form _____________
common nasal meatus
small space above & behind the superior concha is termed ______________ recess & receives the opening of sphenoidal sinus
spheno-ethmoidal recess
The inferior meatus, between the inferior concha and the bony palate receives the termination of the ___________
nasolacrimal duct
The_____________ is a separate bone that is attached to lower part of lateral wall of nasal cavity on each side
inferior nasal concha
The nerves of ordinary sensation are derived from _______ divisions of trigeminal nerve (ophthalmic & maxillary nerves)
1st two
Cartilage of the nose:
Cartilage of the nose
a. Septal cartilage - forms front part of nasal septum
b. Greater alar cartilage- surrounds nostrils & is important for shape of nostrils
c. Lesser alar cartilage- found in alar of nose
d. Lateral nasal cartilage - found above septal cartilage on both sides and connected to both osseous and cartilaginous parts of nasal septum
e. Accessory nasal cartilage - this may be found in the ala of nose. These cartilages reduce possibility of breakage of nose
_____ or nasal bleeding, has been reported to occur in up to 60 percent of general population
Epistaxis,
The rich vascular supply of nose originates from
- ethmoid branches of Internal _____ arteries
- Fa_al artery
- Internal maxillary divisions of external carotid arteries
- Internal carotid arteries
- Facial artery
- Internal maxillary divisions of external carotid arteries
__________ are cavities found within maxilla, frontal, sphenoid & ethmoidal bones
Paranasal sinuses (Air sinuses)
Paranasal sinuses (Air sinuses) are innervated by branches of ________ & _________ nerves
ophthalmic & maxillary nerves
The Paranasal sinuses all drain, directly or indirectly into ______ cavity
nasal cavity
_____________ is the largest of all paranasal sinuses
NB: is situated in body of maxilla
It is pyramidal in shaped
Maxillary sinus
The maxillary sinus has one or more openings that drain into:
- mi__le nasal meatus via the hi__us semilunaris
middle, hiatus
________________ are composed of numerous small cavities (4 -17 on each side) in ethmoidal labyrinth, between orbit & nasal cavity= ethmoidal cells
Ethmoidal sinus
The middle group of ethmoidal cells also called _______ sinuses, which are usually three in number, produce a rounded swelling called _________ bulla on the lateral wall of the middle nasal meatus
bulbar sinuses, ethmoidal bulla
Frontal sinus may be regarded as an anterior ethmoidal cell that has invaded _____________ after birth
frontal bone
The frontal sinus opens in to _______ nasal meatus directly or by means of a passage, fro__onasal duct, at one or two sites
middle nasal meatus, frontonasal duct
The frontal sinus opens in to _______ nasal meatus
middle nasal meatus
The nerve supply of the Frontal sinus is the su___orbital nerve
supraorbital nerve
The Sphenoidal sinus opens into s___thmoidal recess of nasal cavity
sphenoethmoidal recess
The sphenoidal sinus is supplied by the _______ nerve
Maxillary nerve
BORDERS OF THE SPHENOIDAL SINUS
- Anterior wall: sph__oidal concha
- Posteriorly =related to p_ns & b__ilar artery
- Superiorly= to optic chiasma, optic nerves & hyp__hysis cerebri, anteriorly
- Inferiorly= to nasal cavity & nas__harynx
- Laterally= to the optic nerve, cav__nous sinus & internal carotid artery & ophthalmic & maxillary nerves
- sphenoidal concha
- pons & basilar
- hypophysis cerebri,
- nasopharynx
- cavernous sinus
BORDERS OF THE SPHENOIDAL SINUS
- Anterior wall: sphenoidal concha
- Posteriorly =related to pons & basilar artery
- Superiorly= to optic chiasma, optic nerves & hypophysis cerebri, anteriorly
- Inferiorly= to nasal cavity & nasopharynx
- Laterally= to the optic nerve, cavernous sinus & internal carotid artery & ophthalmic & maxillary nerves
