Parotid Flashcards
Parotid gland
what is the queen of the face
Facial nerve
What is the parotid Gland
It is the largest of 3 pairs of salivary glands, it is composed of serous alveoli. Lobulated, yellowish and 25g
What is the location of the Parotid Gland
In pyramidal fossa, Below External acoustic meatus, Btw Ramus of Mandible and Sternocleidomastoid muscle
What makes up the Ant Boundary
Masseter
The capsule splits_____to enclose
btw angle of mandible and mastoid process
Superficial lamina (capsule)
Thick and adherent to gland, attached at zygomatic arch
Deep lamina (capsule)
Thin and attached to Styloid process, mandible, tympanic plate
Relations of Posteromedial Surface
Mastoid process with sterno…, post belly of digastric - styloid process……..maxillary artery leaves
Relations of Anteromedial Surface
Masseter… - Post. Border of Ramus of Mandible - Medial pterygoid - Lat surf of Temporomandibular joint - Emerging branches of facial nerve
What structures emerge through Apex
Cervical branch of F nerve - the 2 divisions of retromandibular vein(ant and post)
Structures emerging at Ant Border
TZB terminal branches of F nerve - Parotid duct - Transverse facial vessels
Posterior border
Overlaps Sterno muscle
Emerges
Post. Auricular vein, nerve, artery
Medial border
related to lateral wall of pharynx
List arteries within Parotid gland
ECA - Maxillary artery - Superficial temporal vessels, Post auricular artery
Facial nerve enters and exits through
enters, upper posteromedial surface - branches leave, anteromedial surface
What is the largest of the salivary glands?
The parotid gland.
Where is the parotid gland located?
Below the external acoustic meatus, between the ramus of the mandible and sternocleidomastoid.
What structure does the anterior portion of the parotid gland overlap?
The masseter muscle.
What is the detached part of the forward extension of the parotid gland called?
The accessory parotid gland.
How many surfaces does the parotid gland have?
Four surfaces: superior, superficial, anteromedial, and posteromedial.
How many borders does the parotid gland have?
Three borders: anterior, posterior, and medial.
What forms the capsule of the parotid gland?
The investing layer of the deep cervical fascia.
Which ligament separates the parotid from the submandibular gland?
The stylomandibular ligament.
What are the relations of the apex of the parotid gland?
Overlaps the posterior belly of the digastric muscle and carotid triangle.
What are the structures related to the superior surface of the parotid gland?
External acoustic meatus, temporomandibular joint, superficial temporal vessels, and auriculotemporal nerve.
What are the main contents of the superficial surface of the parotid gland?
Skin, superficial fascia (with great auricular nerve), preauricular lymph nodes, and parotid fascia.
What structure grooves the anteromedial surface of the parotid gland?
The posterior border of the ramus of the mandible.
What artery enters the parotid gland from its posteromedial surface?
The external carotid artery.
What veins are formed within the parotid gland?
The retromandibular vein is formed by the union of the superficial temporal and maxillary veins.
How long is the parotid duct?
About 5 cm long.
What muscle does the parotid duct run across before turning medially?
The masseter muscle.
What structures are pierced by the parotid duct before opening into the oral cavity?
Buccal pad of fat, buccopharyngeal fascia, and buccinator muscle.
Where does the parotid duct open into the oral cavity?
Opposite the crown of the upper second molar tooth.
What is the blood supply of the parotid gland?
The external carotid artery and its branches (e.g., superficial temporal artery).
What is the lymphatic drainage of the parotid gland?
Lymph drains first into the parotid lymph nodes and then into upper deep cervical nodes.
What is the parasympathetic nerve supply to the parotid gland?
The auriculotemporal nerve (branch of the mandibular nerve) carries postganglionic parasympathetic fibers.
Where do the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland originate?
in the inferior salivatory nucleus.
Through which nerve do preganglionic parasympathetic fibers travel to reach the otic ganglion?
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), via its tympanic branch and the lesser petrosal nerve.
What is the sympathetic innervation of the parotid gland?
Sympathetic fibers are vasomotor, derived from the plexus around the external carotid artery.
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the parotid gland and its fascia?
Sensory innervation to the parotid gland is via the auriculotemporal nerve, while the parotid fascia is supplied by the great auricular nerve (C2).
