Mastication Flashcards
mastication anatomy
What are the main muscles of mastication?
Masseter, Temporalis, Medial Pterygoid, Lateral Pterygoid.
What is the function of the Masseter muscle?
Elevates the mandible and assists with protraction.
Where does the Masseter muscle originate and insert?
Origin: Zygomatic arch
What is the function of the Temporalis muscle?
Elevates and retracts the mandible.
Where does the Temporalis muscle originate and insert?
Origin: Temporal fossa of the skull
What is the function of the Medial Pterygoid muscle?
Elevates the mandible and provides lateral movement.
Where does the Medial Pterygoid muscle originate and insert?
Origin: Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate (sphenoid bone)
What is the function of the Lateral Pterygoid muscle?
Protracts and depresses the mandible, allowing for side-to-side movements.
Where does the Lateral Pterygoid muscle originate and insert?
Origin: Lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate (sphenoid bone)
What type of joint is the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)?
Synovial hinge and gliding joint.
What movements are allowed by the TMJ?
Elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, and lateral movements of the mandible.
What structures are involved in the TMJ?
Articular disc, capsule, ligaments (lateral ligament, sphenomandibular ligament).
What is the blood supply to the muscles of mastication?
Maxillary artery (a branch of the external carotid artery).
What are the main nerves supplying the muscles of mastication?
Trigeminal nerve (CN V), specifically the mandibular branch (V3).
What are the main movements involved in mastication?
Elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, and lateral movements.
