Parliament and changes in religion

Question 1

How were MPs elected?

Answer 1

There were two from each county, and people could only vote if they owned property with income worth 40 shillings

Question 2

What was the main reason that monarchs called parliament?

Answer 2

To call for taxation to fund wars.

Question 3

What was the Act of Attainder?

Answer 3

The king could declare someone guilty by Act of Parliament without a trial. All property is forfeited.

Question 4

What did Henry VII use the Act od Attainder for?

Answer 4

He used them to make his rule more secure, convicting enemies after the Battle of Bosworth.

Question 5

What did Henry VIII do to prove himself on the international stage?

Answer 5

He took part in wars with England’s traditional enemies, France and Scotland.

Question 6

How much money had been taxed by 1523?

Answer 6

288814 Pounds

Question 7

How much did Henry VIII take out to pay for his wars?

Answer 7

260000 Pounds

Question 8

What is an indulgence?

Answer 8

A document that could be bought from Church officials as forgiveness for sins. It was promised to shorten the time spent in Purgatory.

Question 9

What was a Humanist?

Answer 9

They didn?t want to break away from the Church. They were critical of superstition, wealth and corruption. Believed the Church needed reform from within.

Question 10

Why were there tensions between the Church and the Monarchy?

Answer 10

The Church had power and privilege that could undermine the monarch., particularly the Church’s right over sanctuary and the benefit of the clergy.

Question 11

What was sanctuary?

Answer 11

Anyone accused of a crime could seek sanctuary in Church, protection from the law and couldn’t be arrested. It lasted for 40 days and after they had to give themselves up or leave England.

Question 12

Who did Henry VII break the law of sanctuary for and why?

Answer 12

In 1486, Humphrey Stafford was dragged out of sanctuary for treason and executed for his role in the Lovell rebellion.

Question 13

What book did Henry VIII publish in support of the Catholic Church?

Answer 13

Assertio Septum Sacramentorum (The defence of the Seven Sacraments)

Question 14

From 1524 to 1529, how many monasteries did Cardinal Wolsey close and why?

Answer 14

He closed 30 monasteries, a reform, arguing they were corrupt.

Question 15

Why Wolsey fall from power?

Answer 15

He wasn?t able to get Henry’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon annulled.

Question 16

Who rose to be Henry’s chief minister in 1532 and how did he influence him?

Answer 16

Thomas Cromwell, he pushed Henry to get an annulment and to break away from the Catholic Church.

Question 17

What was the Act in Conditional Restraint of Annates and when did it come into effect?

Answer 17

1532, it temporarily stopped payments to Rome.

Question 18

What was the Submission of the Clergy in 1532?

Answer 18

Churchmen agreed to accept Henry’s power over them. They were not allowed to call a Convocation and couldn?t pass canons, Church laws, without his permission.

Question 19

What was the Act of Supremacy (1534)?

Answer 19

It placed Henry VIII as the Supreme head of the Church of England.

Question 20

What was the Act of Succession in 1534?

Answer 20

It was declared that Henry’s marriage to Catherine was never valid making Princess Mary illegitimate. The heirs to the throne would be his and Anne’s children.

Question 21

What was the new Treason Act after the Act of Supremacy was passed?

Answer 21

Treason against the king wasn?t just actively plotting against him but also speaking against him and the supremacy.

Question 22

What title did Henry give to Cromwell in 1535 and what powers did it give him?

Answer 22

Vicegerent of Spirituals, he became Henry’s deputy in all spiritual matters and has the power to enforce his wishes.

Question 23

How much money did Henry get from dissolving monasteries?

Answer 23

1.3 million pounds, from selling the land off giving families a vested interest in keeping the break from Rome.

Question 24

What was the Act of Ten Articles (1536)?

Answer 24

The first attempt to redefine the doctrine of the new English Church, they were mostly in line with Catholic belief.

Question 25

What was the Act of Six Articles (1539)?

Answer 25

They reinforced Catholic doctrines like transubstantiation and celibacy for priests.

Question 26

What was the King’s Book?

Answer 26

It was king’s movement back to Catholicism. It emphasises traditional practices, e.g. masses for the dead.

Question 27

What did the 1559 Act of Supremacy do?

Answer 27

It made Elizabeth I the Supreme Governor of the Church of England.

Question 28

What was the 1559 Act of Uniformity?

Answer 28

It ordered that the English Book of Common Prayer be used and that everyone had to go to Church one a week or face a fine.

Question 29

Why was Elizabeth the Supreme Governor rather than the Supreme Head of the Church of England?

Answer 29

It was an attempt to appeal to Catholics who saw the Pope as their Supreme head and to the Protestants who didn?t like the idea of a women being the head of the Church.

Question 30

Why was the bill of uniformity faced with problems?

Answer 30

It was supposed to be a compromise for everyone, but it was more in favour of Protestants than the Catholics were prepared to allow.

Question 31

How was the problems of the uniformity bill resolved?

Answer 31

Two sentences were added to the more moderate 1549 Prayer Book which the Catholics could interpret it as the real presence of existed in the bread and wine, whilst the Protestants could see the Communion as a symbol of the Last Supper.

Question 32

How many clergymen refused the Oath of Supremacy?

Answer 32

300 out of 8000 refused and lost their positions. All of Mary I’s bishops, except the elderly Bishop Llandaff, refused and were deprived of their positions.