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PharmQ1Questions > Parkinsons > Flashcards

Parkinsons Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most important risk factor for parkinsons?

A

Age

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2
Q

What are the clinical symptoms of PD?

A

Resting tremor, bradykinesia, cogwheel rigidity, postural instability

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3
Q

What is the most common 1st symptom of PD?

A

Resting tremor?

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4
Q

What is the primary criteria?

A

TRAP- tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability

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5
Q

What is the drug challenge?

A

When non-responsive to levodopa or apomorphine, if they improve, itís probably PD

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6
Q

There is a loss of what in PD?

A

DA neurons

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7
Q

What is a frozen addict?

A

Induced PD among heroine users, NOT REVERSIBLE

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8
Q

What indicates pre-symptomatic PD?

A

Lewy bodies

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9
Q

What are the mechanisms for tx of PD?

A

Increased endogenous DA, DA agonist, adenosine Aza, anticholinergics

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10
Q

What is the gold standard for tx of PD?

A

Levodopa

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11
Q

Can levodopa cross the BBB

A

Yes

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12
Q

How long until tolerance to levodopa happens?

A

3-5 yrs

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13
Q

What are the symptoms of ìwearing offî

A

PD symptoms

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14
Q

What are the strategies to address “wearing off”

A

Increased levodopa dose or # of daily doses

Adding a dopa agonist or increase its dose
Using a COMT inhibitor

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15
Q

What are the ADRs usually caused by

A

DA in the periphery

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16
Q

What are the levodopa/ carbidopa interactions

A

B6- increases periphery breakdown

MAO-I, HTN crisis
Antipsychotic meds

17
Q

Adding x mg of carbidopa prevents peripheral ADRS?

A

75

18
Q

How are DA agonists potentially neuroprotective

A

Interact w/ presynaptic DA autoreceptors and decreased autooxidation, free radical formation

Decreased levodopa requirements, requirements, reducing toxic levodopa mediated metabolites
Antioxidant properties

19
Q

What is the half life of ropinirde? Bromocriptine? Pramipexole?

A

6 hr, 3 hr, 8-12hr

20
Q

What are the ADR of DA agonist

A

Sedating effects, including somnolence and unintended sleep episodes, hypotension, hallucinations or psychosis, dyskinesias, N/V, and leg edema

21
Q

What are the MAO-B inhibitor suggestive uses?

A

Pt w/ intact cognition, pt w/ wearing off of L-dopa actions

22
Q

What are the ADRs of Selegiline?

A

Insomnia, HTN, can worsen preexisting symtpoms such as hallucinations and delisions, rare serotonin syndrome w/ ???

23
Q

How do COMT inhibitors increase levodopa bioavailability in brain?

A

Inhibits COMT both peripherally and centrally

24
Q

Which COMT I has a warning for liver failure?

A

tolcapore

25
Q

What are the ADRs of anticholinergics

A

Limit use bc- antimuscarinics effectsódry mouth, lured vision, constipation, urinary retention, sedation, memory impairment, confusion, dysphonia, hallucinations

26
Q

Which antipsychotics worsen PD

A

Quetiapine, clozapne, – tight binding DA agonist

PharmQ1Questions (13 decks)

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