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PharmQ1Questions > IntrotoInfectiousDisease > Flashcards

IntrotoInfectiousDisease Flashcards

1
Q

What type of antibiotics are stimulated by host flora?

A

Cross-protective

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2
Q

Can normal flora become pathogenic?

A

yes

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3
Q

Infection has organism presence, organ damage, and inflammation. How is that different from colonization?

A

Colonization just has organism present

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4
Q

What do increased bands in circulation indicate??

A

Left shift, leukemia

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5
Q

T/F, lymphocytes make antibodies

A

TRUE

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6
Q

What is the difference btwn the cell wall in gram + vs - ?

A

+ = rigid thick, peptidoglycan, crosslinked

  • = think layer, 1/ 2glycan chains, protected by protein outer layer
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7
Q

What is the minimum inhibitory concentration and what are the 3 breakpoints?

A

Lowest concentration of antibiotic that inhibits visible growth of bacteria

Susceptible, intermediate, and resistant

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8
Q

What are the aerobic gram + cocci?

A

Staph aureus, staph epidermidis, staph saprophyticus, entero faecalis, entero faecium, entero durans, B hemolytic, viridas strp A hemolytic, strep pneumoniae

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9
Q

What are the B hemolytic gram + cocci?

A

Strep pyogenes ( group A), strep agalactiae (group B), strep bovis (nonenterococci, group D)

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10
Q

What are the viridan A hemolytics?

A

Strep sangius, salvarius, mitis, and mutans

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11
Q

What are the 3 staphylococcal resistant drugs

A

Penicillin, methicillin, methicillin- susceptible isolates

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12
Q

Where does staph colonize?

A

Skin and nose

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13
Q

Which strep colonizes on the skin?

A

Group A- strep pyogenes

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14
Q

Which strep colonizes on the mouth?

A

Viridans, anaerobes

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15
Q

Which strep colonizes on the nasopharynx?

A

Group A- strep pyogenes

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16
Q

Which strep colonizes on the lower GI?

A

Group D strep bovis, viridans, anaerobes

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17
Q

Which strep colonizes on the female GU?

A

Group B strep agalactiae

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18
Q

Which strep causes cellulitis?

A

Group A s. pyogenes

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19
Q

Which strep causes dental carries?

A

Viridan strep

20
Q

Which strep causes pharyngitis?

A

Group A S. pyogenes

21
Q

Which strep causes bacteremia/ endocarditis?

A

Viridans

22
Q

Which strep causes neonatal meningitis?

A

Group B S. agalactiae

23
Q

What is the tx for streptococcus?

A

Penicillin

24
Q

Pneumococci are A or B hemolytic? Where do they colonize?

A

Alpha

Oropharynx/ nasopharynx

25
Q

Pneumococci cause what type of infections?

A

Otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis, CAP, meningitis

26
Q

Pts that lack what anatomical structure are at risk for fulminant sepsis syndrome and why?

A

Spleen- they cannot clear encapsulated organisms

27
Q

What are the encapsulated organisms?

A

S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, N. menigitidis

28
Q

How do you tx pneumococci?

A

3rd generation cephs d/t penicillin resistant strains

29
Q

Where do enterococci colonize and what type of infections do they cause?

A

GI, female GU

Opportunistic infections, UTI, bacteremia/ enterocarditis, and intra abdominal infections

30
Q

What are the gram ñ aerobic classes?

A

Rods, enterobacteria, cocci, other?

31
Q

Some important enterobacteraciaes areÖ.

A

Enterobacter spp, e coli, klebsiella pneumo, proteus vulgnas, proteus mirabilis, serratia marcenena

32
Q

Some important ìotherî gram ñ organismsÖ

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, bordatella pertussis, legionella pneumophilia

33
Q

Enterobacteraciae cause what type of infections?

A

UTI, intra abdominal, bacteremia, nosocomial pneumonia, DM infections

34
Q

Is pseudomonas aeruginosa a normal flora?

A

No, opportunist

Seen in immunocompromised

35
Q

What organisms do you ì double coverî for?

A

Serratia, pseudomonas, acinetobacter, citrobacter, enterobacter

36
Q

H influenzae is only encapsulated T/F?

A

FALSE

37
Q

Diff btwn encapsulated and non encapsulated H influenzae?

A

Capsulated- virulent causes, meningitis

Non- cap- upper resp, otitis media, sinusitis, CAP

38
Q

Which gram ñ cocci are humans the only natural host?

A

Neisseria menigitidis

39
Q

What capsule requires the spleen for elimination ?

A

Polysaccharide capsules

40
Q

What anaerobes are found above the diaphragm?

A

Peptostreptococcus spp, actinomyces spp, and fusobacterium

41
Q

What anaerobes are found below the diaphragm?

A

Bacteroides fragilis, lactobacillus, clostridium spp

42
Q

What are anaerobes assocaiated with ?

A

Inta-abd. Infection, aspiration pneumonia, endometritis, PID, diabetic LE infections, dental carries, and head/neck

43
Q

What are the atypical bacteria and what do they result in?

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia, legionella pneumophilia, chlamydophilia pneumoniae

Community acquired pneumonia

44
Q

What is the mnemonic and the organisms that have capsules?

A

Even some super killers have pretty nice capsules

E. coli, Strp pneumo, salmonella, klebsiella pneumo, H influenzae, pseudomonas aerginosa, neisseria meningitidis, Cryptococcus neoformans

45
Q

What are the 9 important classes of bacterial pathogens?

A

Streptococcis- group A

Streptococcus pneumoniae
Enterococcus
Staphylococci
Atypical bacteria
H influenzae
Gram – rods
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Anaerobes

PharmQ1Questions (13 decks)

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