Parkinson’s Disease Flashcards
Parkinson’s causes disordered movements due to the decline of which neuromodulatory in the BG
Dopamine
Unilateral tremor or Parkinson’s is worsened by … and improved by …
- rest
- voluntary movement
Hz of Parkinson’s tremor
4-6
Describe bradykinesia in Parkinson’s
Slower & smaller movements
Is Parkinson’s tremor affected by alcohol
No
Other Parkinson’s features
- depression
- sleep disturbance
- also Nina
- postural instability
- cognitive impairment
Describe cogwheel rigidity in Parkinson’s
Tension felt when trying to flex patient’s arm
Pathology of multiple system atrophy
Degeneration of neurones in multiple brain systems
Area affected in multiple system atrophy
BG
Degeneration in places other than BG (Parkinson’s) lead to (2)
- autonomic dysfunction
- cerebellar dysfunction
Definition of dementia with Lewy Bodies
Dementia associated w/ Parkinson’s
Symptoms of dementia with Lewy Bodies (just to be aware)
- progressive cognitive decline
- visual hallucinations
- delusions
- disordered REM sleep
- fluctuating consciousness
1st line synthetic dopamine that is given PO
Levodopa
Explain the 3 phenomena side effects of levodopa
- dystonia: xs contraction
- chorea: abnormal involuntary movements
- athetosis: involuntary twisting
A peripheral decarbocylase inhibitor that stops levodopa breakdown in the body
Carbidopa/benseazide
A COMT inhibitor that prolongs levodopa effects by preventing levodopa breakdown in the brain
Entacapone
A dopamine agonist that is less effective than levodopa
Bromocriptine
Why is bromocriptine used with levodopa
Lower levodopa dose
Side effects of bromocriptine
Pulmonary fibrosis
Function of mono amine oxidase-B
Break down dopamine
Monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor that increases circulating dopamine
Selegiline
Main difference between lewy body dementia and parkinson’s dementia
Parkinsons comes first then dementia in p dementia
