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Y3 Neurology Conditions > Multiple Sclerosis > Flashcards

Multiple Sclerosis Flashcards

1
Q

2 key ideas of MS

A

Demyelination of CNS due to T4 hypersensitivity reaction

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2
Q

MS only affects CNS coz Abs only attack a CNS specific gilial cell

A

Oligodendrocytes

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3
Q

At the start of MS onset symptoms may improve due to initial

A

Remyelination

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4
Q

(Just to be aware)

  • 1ry progressive
  • relapse/remitting
  • 2ry progressive
  • progressive relapse
A
  • 1ry progressive —> steadily gets worse
  • relapse/remitting —> intermittent; worse after each time
  • 2ry progressive —> relapse/remit; worse after each time
  • progressive relapse —> gets worse but sometimes slower
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5
Q

Chromosome linked to MS

A

HLA DR2

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6
Q

Age and sex where MS is common

A

Young female

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7
Q

Vit deficiency that increases the risk of MS

A

D

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8
Q

Viral infection that increases the risk

A

EBV

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9
Q

Symptoms of focal weakness seen in MS (4)

A
  • Bell’s palsy
  • Horner’s syndrome
  • limb paralysis
  • incontinence
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10
Q

Types of ataxia seen in MS

A
  • sensory

- cerebellar

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11
Q

Sensory symptoms seen in MS

A
  • numbness
  • paraesthesia
  • tingling
  • trigeminal neuralgia
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12
Q

2 symptoms of optic neuritis manifestations in MS

A
  • blurry vision

- blurred optic disc

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13
Q

2 symptoms of abducens nerve palsy seen in MS

A
  • internuclear ophthamoplegia

- conjugate lateral gaze disorders

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14
Q

What is Lhermitte’s sign and what is it a result of

A
  • electric shock when neck flexes

- transverse myelitis

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15
Q

3 symptoms of chariot’s triad seen in MS

A
  • dysarthia
  • intention tremor
  • nystagmus
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16
Q

Explain the phenomenon of disambiguated time and space of MS symptoms

A

Diff nerves are affected in different locations at different times

17
Q

MS MRI shows

A

White matter plaques

18
Q

MS CSF shows

A

Oligoclonal bands

19
Q

MRI dependent criteria that is used to distinguish MS from other neurological conditions

A

McDonald’s

20
Q

When (and what) to use corticosteroids

A
  • acute attacks

- IV methylprednisolone

21
Q

Function of interferon beta

A

Reduces progression in relapsing/remitting MS (RRMS)

22
Q

Is atrophy seen in UMN or LMN lesion

A

LMN lesion

23
Q

Increased reflexes is seen in … lesion where as decreased reflexes is seen in … lesion

A
  • UMN

- LMN

24
Q

Is fasciculations seen in UMN or LMN lesion

A

LMN lesion

25
Q

Increased tone is seen in …. lesion whereas decreased tone is seen in … lesion

A
  • UMN

- LMN

26
Q

Extensor response is absent in … lesion

A

UMN

Y3 Neurology Conditions (11 decks)

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