Parisites

Question 1

Malaria–protozoa

Answer 1

single cell organism
• “plasmodium”
• Transmitted via mosquito ‘vector’

Question 2

Symptoms of Malaria:

Answer 2

• shivering/chills
• fever
• sweating
• a decrease in RBC’s: anemia and weakness

Question 3

Anti-malarials MOA

Answer 3

Inhibit DNA/RNA Prevent protozoa from replicating (erythrocyte phase)

Question 4

Anti-Malarials Use

Answer 4

Drugs are used as a preventative measure and to eradicate parasites.

Question 5

Malarial process

Answer 5

• Mosquito transmits w/ bite
• Organisms migrate to & mature in liver (no symptoms)
• Leave liver enter RBC/multiply w/in RBC-‘erythrocyte phase’
• Cause rupture of RBC’s, more protozoa released (can thus be transmitted to more mosquitos) - rupture causes symptoms
*Cyclical

Question 6

Anti-Malarials (“quine”)

Answer 6

• chloroquine (Aralen) (also anti-inflam)
• hydroxycholoroquine (Plaquenil) •mefloquine (Larium)

**Resistance to drugs is growing problem
• So need right drug for right location–CDC

Question 7

Anti-malarials SE/teachings

Answer 7

•Side/Adverse effects: GI upset/CNS-nightmares, etc.

• Patient teaching:
• Right drug for right location
• Prevention; netting, insect repellants, etc.
• Drugs inhibit cycling, don’t prevent infection completely
• Be suspicious—up to a year later

Question 8

Anthelmintics Use

Answer 8

Treat infestation by parasitic worms in the intestines

Question 9

Worm infestation symptoms

Answer 9

• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Loss of appetite
• Itching-anal
• Abdominal cramps

Question 10

Anthelmintics

Answer 10

• *Mebendazole (Vermox)
• *Thiabendazole (Mintezol)
• (“bendazole”)

Question 11

Anthelmintics MOA

Answer 11

produce muscle paralysis in worms, inhibit metabolic fx

Question 12

Anthelmintics SE

Answer 12

cramping, nausea, diarrhea, fever