Anti-fungal Flashcards
Fungi(yeast or mold)
- plant-like microorganisms found in soil, air, and contaminated foods.
- Can be dormant until immunosuppressed–often opportunistic
- Candida and tinea-types of fungus
- many involve skin, nails, mouth & vagina
Mycotic infectio
fungal infection (usually refers to systemic)
Systemic fungal infection
*dangerous and difficult to treat
•Infection of blood, bones and lungs
•often called mycotic
Anti-fungals
- Have a selective spectrum of activity.
- No affect on bacteria
- May be dose dependent
Fungicidal
ability of killing fungi, usually your systemic acting drugs.
Fungistatic
prevents fungal growth.
Dermatophytic: (tinea)
Infection of keratinized tissue
Ex - hairs, nails and skin
Candidiasis
fungus caused by “candida” species commonly called yeast infection
Ex: thrush and vaginal area
Anti-fungals
“azole’s”
- nystatin (Mycostatin)
- *ketoconazole (Nizoral)(some OTC)
- *griseofulvin (Grisovin)
- fluconazole (Diflucan)
- miconazole (Monistat)
- clotrimazole (Lotrimin)
Anti-fungals (MOA)
binds to infected keratinized tissue preventing the fungus from invading the healthy tissue. As old infected area grows out—infection is removed
•fungistatic
Anti-fungal SE/adverse effects
Adverse effect—hepatotoxicty
• Some may not work against both tinea/candida
Amphotericin B MOA
binds to fungal membrane producing a change in the cell’s permeability causing nutrients and ions to leak out leading to cell destruction. *Parenteral only.
*fungicidal
Amphotericin B SE
- Fever, chills,
- Nephrotoxicity (BUN, creatinine)
- Hepatotoxicity (LFTS’s)
- Blood dyscrasias (CBC)
- Neurotoxicity-peripheral neuropathy
