Parietal And Frontal Lobes Flashcards
The parieto-occipital lobe is…
The boundary with the occipital lobe and parietal lobe
The lateral sulcus (sylvius fissure) is…
The boundary with the temporal lobe and parietal lobe
The somatosensory cortex is located…
Between the central sulcus and post central sulcus
The main role of the somatosensory cortex is…
To process information about body sensations like pressure, temperature, pain, muscle movement and position and stomach sensations
The mapping of sensations of different body areas to specific areas of the somatosensory cortex is called…
Somatotopy.
Neurosurgeon Dr Wilder Penfield stimulated the cortex and recorded patients reported sensations.
There is a larger amount of space in the cortex dedicated to extremities
The central sulcus or Rolandic fissure is …
The boundary with the frontal lobe and parietal lobe
Input to the somatosensory cortex…
Spinal cord - thalamus - somatosensory cortex
LEFT RIGHT CROSSOVER IN BRAIN STEM
Output from somatosensory cortex
1) motor cortex for motor commands
2) posterior parietal areas for higher level sensory processing
Phantom limb occurs when…
A patient with arm amputation feels sensation of the missing arm when touched on the face due to somatosensory reorganisation
Somatosensory cortex reorganisation occurs when…
Cells in the arm region do not receive any inputs so the neighbouring face cells expand their territory so when the face is touched activation spreads to the arm region of the cortex. The brain interprets this as sensations coming from the arm
The posterior parietal cortex is split into …
The superior and inferior parietal lobule
The main roles of the superior parietal lobule are…
Elaboration and integration of sensory information from the somatosensory cortex
It maintains a representation of the body state used during voluntary and intentional movement due to its access to somatosensory
It has a role in controlling attention
The main role of the inferior parietal lobule is…
Multi modal sensory integration from somatic sensation, visual information and auditory information Calculation Language Sense of self Direction of attention to objects Visuo motor coordination
Language impairment is caused by…
Damage to the left posterior inferior parietal cortex
Two types;
Expressive aphasia - unable to generate words. Non fluent
Receptive aphasia - comprehension deficit. Fluent but wrong words
Hemispatial neglect is caused by …
Unilateral damage to posterior parietal cortex
No damage to the visual system - attention deficit not visual
The impaired field is contralateral to the brain lesion
Balint’s syndrome is caused by…
Bilateral damage to the posterior parietal cortex.
Causes optic ataxia - difficulty looking or reaching for things
Causes ocular ataxia - visual motor disturbance
Causes stimultanagnosia - difficulty moving attention from place to place
The primary motor cortex is located…
Between the pre central sulcus and central sulcus
The main role of the primary motor cortex is..
Control of voluntary movement
The inputs to the primary motor cortex are…
From the somatosensory cortex - body sensations
From the premotor and supplementary motor areas - motor planning
The outputs of the primary motor cortex are…
To the somatosensory cortex
To the spinal cord via the cortico-spinal tract or brain stem which leads to muscle execution
Has left right crossover
The main role of the premotor/Supplementary motor area is..
Planning of complex movement sequences
Selection of appropriate actions
The main role of the prefrontal cortex…
Cognitive control over executive functions like controlled attention, working memory and problem solving
The pre frontal cortex is well placed…
To control other brain areas as it is connected to all sensory and motor areas and subcortical areas
The pre frontal cortex exerts…
A top down influence.
Goal - select relevant processing - suppress task irrelevant processing
Four tasks involved with the prefrontal cortex
Stroop task - frontal lobe damage can’t complete. Controlled attention
N back task - working memory
Town of London task - planning
Iowa gambling task - decision making
