Parenteral Route of Drug Administration I Flashcards
What are examples of parenteral routes of administration?
IV, SC, IM, Nasal (Inhalation), Vaginal and Intrauterine delivery, Topical/Transdermal, Ocular
What is the gauge of a needle?
the diameter
What is the relationship between the gauge number and diameter?
they have an inverse relationship; the smaller the gauge number the bigger the diameter
What are the two primary purposes for choosing the appropriate route?
- purpose of treatment
- volume of medicine to be administered
What are examples of drug products that will be rapidly degraded in the GIT before reaching systemic circulation and losing their therapeutic effect?
- gentamicin
- insulin
What are 5 reasons to choose the parenteral route of drug administration?
- fast onset
- unconscious patients
- patients with swallowing difficulty
- parenteral nutrition
What are the advantages of using parenteral route administration?
- rapid action
- more predictable PK
- Localized high amount drug
- prolonged drug release
- increases adherence
What are the disadvantages of using parenteral route administration?
- dosage error could be fatal
- pain on injection
- high cost of manufacture
- requires specialist training
- more invasive
- increases potential infections
What are the classes of parenteral preparations based on packing?
- single unit doses (ampule and prefilled syringe)
- multiple unit doses (vials)
What are the classes of parenteral preparations based on volume?
- small volume parenteral (<100 mL)
- large volume parenteral (>100 mL)
How is vincristine sulfate administered?
IV only
What is thrombophlebitis?
highly concentrated hypertonic drug solutions may damage the walls of superficial veins and cause inflammation
What are the three plasticizers?
- sorbitol
- glycerol
- propylene glycol
What types of drugs should not be administered through IV?
- water in oil emulsions
- suspensions
Where do you place the central venous catheter?
in the superior vena cava
