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Pharmaceutics II > Modified Drug Release > Flashcards

Modified Drug Release Flashcards

1
Q

What are modified release tablets?

A

they are tablets that are modified in order to maintain therapeutic plasma levels

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2
Q

The active drug are delivered at?

A
  1. desired rates
  2. predetermined time point
  3. specific duration
  4. specific site the gastrointestinal tract
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3
Q

What are the characteristics of modified release oral dosage forms?

A
  1. extend the circulation of time in the body
  2. provide immediate release and then is followed by a predetermined release time
  3. improves patients adherence *
  4. improve therapeutic outcomes *
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4
Q

What are the different classifications of release patterns?

A
  1. Extended release
  2. Delayed release
  3. Prolonged release
  4. Sustained release
  5. Controlled release
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5
Q

What is extended release?

A

modifies drug dissolution by controlling the access of biological fluids to the drug using barrier coatings

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6
Q

What are common coating agents for extended release technology?

A
  1. beeswax
  2. carnauba wax
  3. ethyle cellulose
  4. cetyl alcohol
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7
Q

What is delayed release?

A

when you release the contents of a drug at a different time other than immediately after administration

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8
Q

Is the a delayed release slow or rapid?

A

rapid

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9
Q

What are gastro-resistant tablets?

A

the drug passes through the stomach unchanged due to enteric coating, but is then released in the small intestine

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10
Q

True or False: Delayed release can be combined with prolonged treatment release for local treatment of the colon

A

True

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11
Q

What is a pulsatile release?

A

drug is released in two or more pulses to increase the time period for drug absorption after a single dose

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12
Q

What is a gastro-retentive system?

A

a drug (extended release) remains in the stomach for an extended period of time

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13
Q

What is prolong release?

A

preparations could be a single unit or multiple unit dosage form

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14
Q

What is repeat action release?

A

two doses of medication are provide and then delayed release happens after

ex. a two layered tablet where one is immediate release and the other is delayed release (second dose)

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15
Q

Constant release follows what type of kinetics?

A

Zero-order

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16
Q

Declining drug release follows what type of kinetics?

A

First-order

17
Q

What is diffusion-controlled release?

A

the drug is transported by diffusion through pores that are filled with gastric and intestinal fluid; the fluid pierces the dosage forms and dissolves the drug and creates a concentration gradient and diffuses out through the release unit

18
Q

True or False: Drug release is achieved by diffusion through the coating

A

True

19
Q

True or False: Drug particles located at the surface of the release unit will be dissolved and released rapidly

A

True

20
Q

True or False: Dissolution of the drug in the GI fluid is not the release controlling step for drug absorption

A

False; it is

21
Q

The rate of drug release is controlled by the amount of fluid that is present in the matrix in which the drug is dispersed

A

False; erosion

22
Q

What is erosion controlled release?

A

The rate of drug release is controlled by the erosion of the matrix in which the drug is dispersed

23
Q

What is osmotic-controlled release?

A

Flow of liquid into the drug release unit is driven by osmotic gradient between the inside and outside of the release unit

24
Q

What are the advantages of modified release drugs?

A

less fluctuation of blood levels
better adherence*
less frequent administration*

25
Q

What are the disadvantages of modified release drugs?

A

lack of flexibility with dose adjustments
risk of dose dumping

26
Q

What are the ideal properties of modified release drugs?

A
  1. dose size should be small *
  2. short half lives *
  3. narrow therapeutic index
  4. must be uniformly absorbed by the GIT
  5. Aqueous solubility
  6. First Pass Metabolism
27
Q

What are examples of modified-release dosage forms?

A
  1. Bupropion Tablets
  2. Methylphenidate Tablets
  3. Dexymethylphenidate
  4. Metformin HCL

Pharmaceutics II (5 decks)

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