Parenteral Nutriton Flashcards
peripherally inserted centeral catheter (PICC or PIC)
vascular access devise inserted into the arm and threaded into the subclavian vein to the vena cava
central parenteral nutrition (CPN)
a medical treatment that provides all the necessary nutrients directly into the bloodstream through a central vein, typically located in the chest or neck
peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN)
administration of nutrition into a small vein in the arm or back of the hand (also known as peripheral venous nutrition (PVN))
osmolarity
number of milimoles of liquid or solid in a liter of solution
hemodynamic stability
a state where the body’s cardiovascular system maintains adequate blood flow to all organs and tissues
advanced directives
a legal document that lets you specify your medial care wishes if you are unable to communicate them
transitional feeding
the process of switching from tube feeding to eating by mouth, or from one type of food to another
refeeding syndrome
metabolic alterations that may occur during nutritional repletion of starved patients
intubation
a medical procedure where a tube is inserted into the trachea to maintain an open airway and facilitate breathing
extubation
the process of removing an endotracheal tube from a patients airway
tracheotomy
a surgical procedure that creates an opening in front of the neck and inserts a tube to provide an airway for breathing
infusion rate
the desired rate at which a drug should be administered to achieve a steady state of a fixed dose which has been demonstrated to be therapeutically effective
3-in-1 or 2-in-1 parenteral nutrition mixture
a single intravenous solution that combines all three macronutrients needed for nutrition; 3 in 1; dextrose, amino acids, and lipid emulsion along with electrolytes, vitamins, and trace elements
2-in-1: dextrose and amino acids
Indications of TPN
non-functional GI tract
inability to absorb ntrients
severe malnutrition from intractable vomiting
abdominal trauma
contraindications for TPN
functional GI tract
short term use
risk of infection
severe fluid and electrolyte imbalance
liver dysfunction
cost and complexity to administer
Propofol - What is propofol? How many calories does it provide? Why is it importanct?
Propofol is a lipid-based drug that is used to maintain sedation during mechanical ventilation
for patients receiving long-term sedation with propofol, especially in the ICU, the caloric intake can be significant
contains approx. 1.1 kcal/ml
insulin - If a patient is on PN and receiving insulin, does this mean they have diabetes? Why or why not?
no, the patient does not necessarily have diabetes. many solutions can lead to issues with the management of blood glucose levels, stress can cause hyperglycemia. Insulin can also help facilitate glucose uptake into cells.
If a PN order has a 10% amino acid solution, how much protein is in 1 liter of the mixture?
1000 mL = 1 liter
1000/.10 = 100 grams of protein
How many calories per liter would a 5% dextrose solution provide?
Dextrose provides approx. 3.4 calories per gram
1000/.05 = 50 grams
50 x 3.4 = 170 calories per liter
How many kcal/mL does a 10% lipid emulsion provide? 20% emulsion? 30% emulsion?
10% - 1.1 kcal/mL
20% - 2.0 kcal/mL
30% - 3.0 kcal/mL
what is the maximum safe glucose infusion rate in adults? Lipid infusion rate?
glucose - 5-7 mg/kg/min
lipid - 1.7 mg/kg/day
