Parathyroid Disease Flashcards
What is the main cause of hyperparathyroidism?
Adenomas
Name 2 other causes of primary hyperparathyroidism.
MEN 1/2
Carcinoma
What is the profile of primary hyperparathyroidism in terms of Ca, phosphate, PTH and ALP?
High Ca
Normal phosphate
High PTH
Normal ALP
What causes secondary hyperparathyroidism + what is the profile in terms of Ca and PTH?
Low calcium/vit D
Low Ca
High PTH
What is the cause of tertiary hyperparathyroidism + what is the profile in terms of Ca and PTH?
Autonomy after prolonged overactivity
High Ca
High PTH
Hyperparathyroidism/ hypercalcemia symptoms?
Bones
Stones
Abdominal groans
Psychic moans
What scan is used to locate parathyroid tumours causing hyperparathyroidism?
Sestamibi scan
Treatment of primary/ tertiary hyperparathyroidism?
Parathyroidectomy
4 parts of treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism due to CKD?
Parathyroidectomy
Bisphosphonates
Calcium/Vit D supplements
Thiazide diuretics
Name 4 causes of hypercalcemia.
Hyperparathyroidism
High bone turnover
Malignancy
Thiazide diuretics
Treatment for acute + chronic hypercalcemia?
Acute = IV calcium gluconate Chronic = calcium and vit D supplements
Hypercalcemia with normal/low PTH and high ALP would suggest?
Bone disease
What is the profile of bone malignancy in terms of Ca, phosphate, PTH and ALP?
High Ca
Normal phosphate
Normal PTH
High ALP
What is osteomalacia profile in terms of Ca, phosphate, PTH and ALP?
Low/normal Ca
Low phosphate
Low/normal PTH
High ALP
What is hypoparathyroidism usually seen as + profile in terms of Ca, phosphate, PTH and ALP?
Post-surgery complication Low Ca Normal/high phosphate Low PTH Normal ALP