Parathyroid & Ca Metabolism Disorders Flashcards by Elizabeth Sager

Q

What is the normal serum Ca range

A

about 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL

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Q

Describe the distribution of Ca in our body

A

99% in bones & 1% in ECF (free ionized Ca helps in action potentials, muscle contraction, hormone secretion, blood coag)

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Q

Which endocrine hormones regulate calcium homeostasis

A

PTH, calcitonin, calcitriol

(kidneys, small intestine, liver, bones also regulate)

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Q

Describe the relationship of serum calcium & phosphate

A

inversely proportional (controlled by Ca, PTH, calcitriol)

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Q

Describe the storage of phosphate in our body

A

Most in our bones, remainder as intracellular components of cells (membrane, DNA, RNA, ATP, ADP, lipids, inorganics)

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Q

Describe the action of PTH on serum Ca & phosphate

A

produced by parathyroid glands
- increases serum Ca & decreases serum Phos

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Q

Describe the action of Calcitriol on serum Ca & Phosphate

A

From diet, UV light, from liver/kidneys
- increases serum Ca & serum phos

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Q

Describe the relationship between PTH & Ca

A

Inversely proportionate

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Q

Describe the eitology of hypocalcemia

A

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Q

Describe the presentation of hypocalcemia

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Q

Describe the diagnostics for hypocalemia

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Q

Describe the treatment of hypocalcemia

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Q

Describe the etiology of hypercalcemia

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Q

Describe the presentation of hypercalcemia

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Q

Describe the diagnostics for hypercalcemia

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Q

Describe the treatment for hypercalcemia

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Q

Describe the etiology of hyperparathyroidism

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Q

Describe the presentation of hyperparathyroidism

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Q

Describe the labs of hyperparathyroidism

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Q

Describe the treatment of hyperparathyroidism

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Q

Describe the etiology of hypoparathyroidism

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Describe the presentation of hypoparathyroidism

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Describe the labs for hypoparathyroidism

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Describe the treatment for hypoparathyroidism

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Q

Describe the etiology of pseudohypoparathyroidism

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Describe the presentation of pseudohypoparathyroidism

A

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Describe the labs for pseudohypoparathyroidism

A

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Describe the treatment for pseudohypoparathyroidism

A

Q

What is this called and what is it seen in

A

brachymetacarpals/tarsals seen in pseudohypoparathyroidism

Q

Describe the eitology of osteoporosis

A

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Describe the presentation of osteoporosis

A

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Describe the diagnosis of osteoporosis

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Describe the treatment of osteoporosis

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Describe the screening recommendations for osteoporosis

A

Q

Describe the etiology of vit D deficiency

A

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Describe the presentation of vit D deficiency

A

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Describe the labs for vit D deficiency

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Describe the treatment for vit D deficiency

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Describe the etiology of osteomalacia

A

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Describe the presentation of osteomalacia

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Describe the diagnosis of osteomalacia

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Describe the treatment for osteomalacia

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Describe the etiology of Rickets

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Describe the presentation of rickets

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Describe the diagnosis of rickets

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Describe the treatment of rickets

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Q

Describe the etiology of paget’s disease of the bone

A

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Describe the presentation of paget’s disease of the bone

A

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Describe the labs for paget’s disease of the bone

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Describe the treatment for paget’s disease of the bone

A

Q

What is the most common cause of hypercalcemia

A

malignancy (breast, lung, renal, multiple myeloma)

Q

Describe the etiology of malignancy & hypercalcemia

A

tumor secretion of PTH related protein & production of calcitriol

Q

Describe the evaluation of malignancy & hypercalcemia

A

clinical hx

low/undetectable PTH, low vit D