Parasitic Skin Disease Flashcards
What are the 3 types of parasites (host-parasite relationship? Give an example of each?
- ticks
- fleas
- demodex
What class are the following parasites:
Demodecosis, Demodecosis, Cheyletioellosis, Trombiculiasis
Arachnids
Which animal(s) does demodex prefer?
Dogs»_space;> Cats > Horses
Which animals does sarcoptes (scabies) prefer?
DOGS
Which animals does cheyletiellosis prefer?
Dogs > Cats
Which animals does trombiculiasis prefer?
Dogs, Cats and Horses all equally affected
Which animals typically have flea bite hypersensitivity?
Cats and dogs
What is trombiculiasis caused by? What is usually visible on the dog (what life stage). What seasons is it most common in? What is the range of the symptoms?
Caused by (Neo)Trombicula autumnalis (Mite)
Larvae just visible
Strictly seasonal (July-Sept/Oct)
Asymptomatic —> Pruritic (range)
T or F - Some dogs are more susceptible to parasites than others
T
What is happening here?
Trombiculiasis (mite) larval stage attaches to dog, stay on for a day or two, then drop off to continue life cycle in the environment
Some dogs have an extreme reaction to the mites (erythema, irritation, pruritis, inflammation) while some dogs have no reaction at all
What is the treatment for Tombiculiasis? What do you need to combine pharmacology with?
None licensed - Fipronil, Possibly Avermectins/Isoxazolines
Need to combine treatment with anti-itch medication and reduce exposure to mites
What is happening here?
Dog from racing kennels
Spent time in kennels + moved to foster home with 9 other dogs
Heavy mite infestation, but not itchy or inflamed
What is this parasite?
Cheyletiella - Surface fur mite
What is cheyletiellosis? Is this a zoonosis?
What animals is it typically seen in?
Infection of the skin by:
- Cheyletiella blakei
- Cheyletiella yasurgi
- Cheyletiella parasitivorax
ZOONOTIC
Seen in dogs, cats, rabbits, guinea pigs
What are the clinical signs of cheyletiellosis?
scaling (walking dandruff)
Typically affects trunk
Pruritis (mild»_space; severe)
Primarily dorsal trunk
Cats - miliary dermatitis
What is the treatment protocol for cheyletiellosis? How easy is this to achieve? Who else should you treat besides the animal affected?
Treat with medication + clean environment
Must treat ALL animals in contact with affected animal
No licensed medications, but typically use:
- Amitraz (dog)
- Fipronil (dog, cat)
- Selamectin (dog, cat)
- Moxidectin (dog, cat)
- Isoxazolines (dog, cat)
- Ivermectin (cat, rabbit)
How did this happen? What is this cluster of lesions called?
Mites do not live on people, but will bite people if come onto the skin (such as from carrying rabbit on bare arm)
Once infection on pet is cleared up, bites no longer a risk for human
What is this condition?
Comedones
What is this condition?
Comedones
What is happening in this scanning electron microscope image? What are the red arrows pointing to?
Demodex mites (red arrows) within hair follicle
How would you sample these demodex mites?
Either scrape this region with 10 blade
Or pull out hair (taking demodex along with it) and look under microscope
Is demodex a commensal organism? How does demodex infection occur?
YES
Parasite burden becomes too much for animal for whatever reason and balance between parasite and host becomes altered
define “demodecosis”
An inflammatory parasitic skin disease characterized by the presence of larger than normal numbers of demodectic mites
which species of demodex are common in the dog? Which of these is the long-bodied mite?
D. canis
D. injair (long-bodied mite)
Which species occur in the cat? How common are these? Which of these are contagious?
Uncommon/rare
D. cani (similar to D. canis)
D. gatoi (short bodied mite - contagious, pruritis)