Parasites

Question 1

What do parasites consist of (3 types)

Answer 1

1. Helminths (worms)
2. Protozoa
3. Arthropoda (mosquitos/ticks)

Question 2

What are obligatory and facultative parasites

Answer 2

obligatory- cant survive outside their hosts

Faculatative- capable of free living outside their host

Question 3

What is a definitive host, Intermediate host and resevoiur

Answer 3

definitive- harbor adult stages or sexually reproducing forms of parasite

Intermediate- larval stages or asexually reproducing form

Rzesevoir- horbors the same species and stages as human

Question 4

What is the malaria life cycle

Answer 4

• sporozoites will be injected and go to liver where it reproduces asexually and will produce merozoites
• will enter RBCs and reproduce more asexually
• new mosquito will the sexually reproduce to form new sporozoites

Question 5

what is the DH and IH for malaria life cycle

Answer 5

DH- mosquito

IH- Man (asexual repro)

Question 6

What are the 2 types of vectors

Answer 6

Biological- parasite will have part of liffe cycle in the vector

Mechanical- not essential in life cycle

Question 7

3 types of biological vectors (propagative, cyclodevelopmental, cyclopropagative)

Answer 7

Propagative- multiplication of number only

Cyclodevelopmental- just developmental changes (no number change)

Cycloprpagagtive- combo of both

Question 8

What are the two main categories of helminths (worms)

Answer 8

Platyhelminthes (flat worms)

Nemathelminths (round worms)

Question 9

What are the 2 subcategories of plathelmintthes

Answer 9

Trematodes (flukes, non segmented)

Cestodes (tapeworms, segmentated)

Question 10

What is the DH, Transmission, infective stage, IH, and route of infection- fasciola (trematode)

Answer 10

DH- man
Trans- eggs
Infective- Intermediate stage
IH- snail
route- eating grass

Question 11

What is the DH, Transmission, infective stage, IH, and route of infection- taenia (Cestodes)

Answer 11

DH- man
Trans- eggs
infective- intermediate
ih- pig/cattle
route- eating meat

Question 12

What is the DH, Transmission, infective stage, IH, and route of infection- hook work (nematode)

Answer 12

DH- man
trans- eggs
infective- intermediate
IH- none
Route- skin pen

Question 13

What are the general characteristics of proteozoa

Answer 13

Eukaryotic, unicellumar taht infect GI or tissues

Question 14

What are the 4 main proteozoa and how do they move and reproduce!

Answer 14

1. Ameoba- pseudopodia, asexual
2. Ciliates- cilia, asexual
3. Flagellates- flagella, asexual
4. Sporozoa- none, asexual + sexual

Question 15

what is the life cycle of protozoa (2 steps)

Answer 15

1. trophozoite stage- feeding, motile, replicating stage

2. Cyst- can move to cyst phase (enxystment) and out (excystation) more resistent

Question 16

what is an example of direct transmission of protzoa

Answer 16

Trichomonas vaginalis
- direct transmission due to sexual contact
DH to DH

Question 17

What are the 2 arthropda classes

Answer 17

class insecta
class arachnida