Parasite: part 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Treatment of uncomplicated and complicated malaria

A

Uncomplocated: -chloroquine Severe: -Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) for P. Falciparum

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2
Q

Diagnosis of malaria

A

blood film, Giemsa stained or rapid antigen staining test

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3
Q

Toxoplasmosis infection type and route of infection. Who is it a problem in

A

Toxoplasma gondii  • eating undercooked meat of animals harboring tissue cysts • consuming food or water contaminated with cat feces • by contaminated environmental samples • blood transfusion •  transplacentally from mother to fetus. PROBLEM IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND IMMUNOSUPPRESSED PEOPL

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4
Q

What is effect of toxopasma gondii in immunocompromised people

A

develop central nervous system disease, brain lesions, pneumonitis or retinochoroiditis among other risks.

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5
Q

How is toxoplasma gondii diagnosed

A

Serological test

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6
Q

What does cryptosporidium cause

A

diarrhea, fever, nausea, vomiting in humans

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7
Q

What is the typical patient for cryptosporidiu

A

very common in HIV+ patients presenting with diarrhea.

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8
Q

Diagnosis and treatment for cryptosporidium

A

Diagnosis: stool examination. Treatment: fluid rehydration.

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9
Q

Example of ciliates

A

Balantidium coli =Balantidiasis

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10
Q

Reservoir for balantidium coli

A

pigs, rodents, primates Worldwide distruution

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11
Q

Symptoms for balantidium coli

A

Most people infected with Balantidium coli => no symptoms. Immunocompromised patients may experience more severe signs and symptoms: persistent diarrhea, dysentery, abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea, and vomiting. If left untreated, perforation of the colon can occur.

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12
Q

Diagnosis of balantidium coli? is it treatable

A

Stool Yes

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13
Q

Example of flagellates

A

Giardia lamblia (Giardiasis) Trichomonas Leishmania

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14
Q

How common is giardia lamblia- where is it found

A

Giardiasis: commonest, globally distributed, water-borne protozoal infection.

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15
Q

What is a trophozoite

A

a growing stage in the life cycle of some sporozoan parasites, when they are absorbing nutrients from the host.

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16
Q

Outline life cycle of giardia lamblia How can they be excluded from drinking water

A

Flagellated trophozooites attach by their suckers to surface of the duodenal or jejunal mucosa Ovoid cysts are able to survive standard chlorination procedures, filtration is required to exclude them from drinking water