bacteria: part 5 Flashcards
What is the main problem with the escape pathogens?
They are antibiotic resistant
Mechanism of subunit A action
enzyme that cleaves the 28S ribosomal RNA in eukaryotic cells ,,, inhbits protein synthesis
What about a hospital can cause infection
Interventions Dissemination Concentration
Why can giving antibiotics to gram neg bacteria be dangerous
when bacteria lyse they release large quantities of LPS/ Endotoxin Leads to septic shock
State the drug resistance of the following Enterococcus faecium (+ve) Staphylococcus aureus (+ve) Clostridium difficle (+ve) Acinetobacter baumanii (-ve_ Pseudomonas aeruginosa (-ve) Enterobacteriaceae (-ve): -E.coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter sp.
Enterococcus faecium (vancomycin resistance) Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistant - MRSA) Clostridium difficile (can establish infection because of previous antibiotic treatment) Acinetobacter baumanii (highly drug resistant) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (multi drug resistant i.e fluoroquinolone-resistant) Enterobacteriaceae pathogenic E. coli (multi drug resistant) Klebsiella pneumoniae (multi drug resistant) Enterobacter species (multi drug resistant)
Which enzymes might tissue invasive exotoxin involve
enzymes that destroy DNA, collagin, fibrin, NAD, red or white blood cells
Where is EHEC and EAEC found in the GI
EHEC= large bowel EAEC= large bowel and small bowel (the new virulence of the EAHEC may have been because there was now shiga toxin in the small bowel because of shiga in EAEC)
Outline Tissue invasive exotoxin
allow bacteria to destroy and tunnel through tissue i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes Clostridium perfringens
Most common food- and waterborne diseases
Campylobacteriosis (Campylobacter sp. mostely C. jejuni) Salmonellosis (- Salmonella sp.) Cholera (Vibrio cholerae) Listeriosis (Listeria monocytogenes)
What is the result of transfer of EHEC to EAEC
EAHEC Now the bacteria which was aggregating and beta-lactam resistant (EAEC) also contains a shiga toxin
Define septic shock
Sepsis that results in dangerous drops in blood pressure and organ dysfunction is called septic shock. It is also referred to as endotoxin shock because endotoxin often triggers the immune response that results in sepsis and shock.
Reservoirs for EHEC
reservoir are normally ruminants – mostly cattle
What is the treatment for TB
with antibiotics BUT TAKES at least 6 months
What happens as more bacteria become drug resistant
Clinicians are forced to use older, previously discarded drugs, such as colistin, that are associated with significant toxicity and for which there is a lack of robust data to guide selection of dosage regimen or duration of therapy
Which antibiotics is E. coli resistant to in many countries?
Cephalosporins
