Paraproteinaemia Flashcards
1
Q
What is paraprotein?
A
monoclonal immunoglobulin present in blood/urine
2
Q
What is Paraproteinaemia
A
a group of diseases characterised by a disproportionate proliferation of immunoglobulin-producing cells
3
Q
Causes of Paraproteinaemia?
A
- MGUS
- Multiple myeloma
- Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
- Plasmacytoma
- Amyloidosis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Cirrhosis
- Tuberculosis
- Bacterial endocarditis
4
Q
Presentation of Paraproteinaemia?
A
dependent on the cause
5
Q
Risk factors of Paraproteinaemia (IgA, IgG and IgM)?
A
- IgA heavy chain paraproteinaemia - 10-30 years old, Middle east
- IgG heavy chain - older men, children, Sjögren’s, SLE, TB, amyloidosis
- IgM heavy chain - over 50
6
Q
Investigations for Paraproteinaemia?
A
- Serum protein electrophoresis - total protein, paraprotein quantification, protein typing, immunoglobulins
- FBC
- Blood film
- ESR
- Urine - Bence Jones’ protein usually indicates myeloma, amyloidosis
- Bone marrow aspiration
7
Q
Management of Paraproteinaemia?
A
- Depends on underlying cause
- At the very least monitor
8
Q
A
