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Y2 Haematology > Coagulation screens > Flashcards

Coagulation screens Flashcards

1
Q

why are coagulation screens carried out?

A

to monitor coagulation

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2
Q

what is prothombin time (PT)?

A

Measure of the time taken for blood to clot via theextrinsicpathway
’PlayTennisOUTSIDE = PT extrinsic’

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3
Q

What is added to plasma sample to measure PT?

A

Tissue factor is added to a sample of plasma along with calcium

Time until fibrin formation is measured

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4
Q

Normal range of prothombrin time?

A

12-13 seconds

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5
Q

Limitations to prothrombin time?

A

samples only useful less than 24 hrs old - otherwise unreliable results

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6
Q

What 4 conditions can prolong prothrombin time?

A
  • chronic Liver disease
  • Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
  • Vit K deficiency
  • Warfarin levels
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7
Q

What are the factors measured in the sample for prothrombin time?

A

FVII

FV, FX, prothrombin, fibrinogen

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8
Q

What are the activators of common pathway to measure prothrombin time?

A

Tissue factor
Calcium

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9
Q

Which pathways are assessed in prothrombin time measurements?

A

extrinsic and common

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10
Q

What is Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)?

A

Measure of the time taken for blood to clot via the intrinsic pathway
’Play Table Tennis INSIDE = APTT intrinsic’

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11
Q

Normal range of APTT?

A

24 - 38 seconds

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12
Q

Limitations to APTT measurements?

A

Artefacts in sample
Insensitivity to clinically important bleeding disorders that have normal PT + APTT (mild vM diesase)
- Detects conditions not associated with bleeding
- eg. Lupus anticoagulant

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13
Q

Name 4 conditions that can have an abnormal APTT?

A
  • Lupus anticoagulant
  • Haemophilia A
  • Haemophilia B
  • DIC
  • von Willebrands disease
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14
Q

What factors are measured in APTT?

A

FVIII, FIX, FXI, FXII

FV, FX, prothrombin, fibrinogen

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15
Q

what is the activator to measure APTT?

A

‘Contact activator’
Phospholipid + calcium

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16
Q

What pathways is being measured in APTT?

A

Intrinsic and Common

17
Q

What is thrombin time measurements?

A

A measure of how long the blood’s plasma takes to form a clot

18
Q

Normal range of thrombin time?

A

14 to 16 secs

19
Q

Limitations of thrombin time measurements?

A

sample > 8 hrs = inaccurate results

20
Q

What one factor often affects thrombin time measurements?

A

Low fibrinogen states

21
Q

What is being measured in thrombin time?

A

Fibrinogen

22
Q

What is the activator to measure thrombin time?

A

thrombin

23
Q

what pathway is measured in thrombin time?

A

Fibrinogen → fibrin

24
Q

P

A

Y2 Haematology (23 decks)

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