Paramedic Resource Manual Flashcards
What are the functions of the nervous system
Activate, Control and Integrate the systems in the body.
Where does the nervous system receive information regarding changes from?
Internal and External enviroments
The nervous system plays an important role in what bodily mechanism?
Homeostasis
What are the two anatomical divisions of the nervous system
Peripheral Nervous System
Central Nervous System
What are the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
Somatic Nervous System
Autonomic nervous system
What tissue compromises the CNS
Brain
Spinal Cord
What tissue compromises the somatic nervous system?
Spinal nerves
Cranial nerves
What tissue compromises the autonomic nervous system?
Parasympathetic system
Sympathetic nervous system
What are the 3 divisions of the brain?
Cerebrum
cerebellum
Brain stem
What is the largest part of the brain?
Cerebrum
The cerebrum is divided into what hemispheres?
Right and left
What connects and is used for communication between the the right and left hemispheres?
Corpus Callosum
What is the cerebral cortex?
A layer of gray matter composed of nervous tissue cell bodies and dendrites.
What is the cerebral medulla?
Area below the cerebral cortex, most commonly known as white matter.
are of myelinated axons that interconnect neurons within the NS and other body parts.
Ridges and grooves on the surface of the cerebrums are called __________
Gyri
The cerebrum is divided into lobes and spaces called ______
Sulci
What are the 4 distinct lobes of the cerebrum
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
Function of the anterior frontal lobe
Elaboration of thoughts
Decision making
Motor ability for speech
Function of the posterior frontal lobe
Initiation of voluntary movement
Function of the parietal lobe
Somatic sensory area
Stimuli are “felt” and redirected to sensory area
Function of the temporal lobe
Hearing
Memory storage
pattern recognition
Damage to the posterior frontal lobe causes…
Hemiplegia, spasticity or hemiparesis on the opposite side of the body
Seizures
Damage to the parietal lobe causes…
Disturbances in sensation of touch
Damage to the temporal lobe causes…
Dysphasia
Visual hallucinations
Visual defects
Damage to the posterior occipital lobe causes…
Blindness
visual hallucinations
What is the Thalamus
Relay center that receives sensory impressions from the body and projects them onto the cerebral cortex for further interpretation
What is bradykinin?
Substance that is released when a tissue is damaged, stimulates pain receptors
Bradykinin triggers the release of….
Histamine
What does histamine do?
Increases capillary permeability –> allowing fluid, WBC and other chemicals into the damaged area
This causes more pain and swelling
What is the path of pain when sustaining a laceration?
Skin / Viscera nerve endings > Spinal cord > Brain
