Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Paramedic Pharmacology > Paramedic Medications > Flashcards

Paramedic Medications Flashcards

1
Q

What is the trade name of Atropine

A

Atreza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Atropine

A

Blocks muscarinic receptors blocking acetylcholine and inhibiting the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What drug class is Atropine

A

Parasympatholytic, Muscarinic Anticholinergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Indications for Atropine

A

Bradycardia
Organophosphate poisoning
RSI premedication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Contraindications for Atropine

A

Hypersensitivity, 2nd or 3rd degree heart block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Common side effects of Atropine

A

Dry Mouth, Dilated Pupils, Confusion, Blurred Vision, Tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Atropine

A

Anticholinergics: increased effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the adult dose of Atropine

A

Symptomatic Bradycardia: 1 mg every 3-5 min up to 3 mg max
Organophosphate Poisoning: 2-3 mg IVP every 2-3 min
Pre RSI: 0.01 mg/kg second to repeated dose of succinylcholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Atropine

A

Symptomatic Bradycardia: 0.01-0.03 mg/kg every 3-5 min max dose 1 mg (Child)/2mg (Adolescent)
Organophosphate Poisoning:
Pre RSI: 0.02 mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Is Atropine a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order Unless:
Adult Organophosphate Poisoning with HR > 120 bpm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the trade name of Calcium Chloride

A

Artiss, Citraste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Calcium Chloride

A

Raises Calcium Levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What drug class is Calcium Chloride

A

Mineral/Electrolyte, Antidote, Inorganic compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Indications for Calcium Chloride

A

Calcium Channel blocker overdose
Sulfate Overdose
Hyperkalemia/Hypocalcemia inducing EKG changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Contraindications for Calcium Chloride

A

Ventricular Fibrillation
Asystole
Hypersensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Common side effects of Calcium Chloride

A

Abnormal Heartbeat Feeling, Polyuria, Dizziness, Mood Changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Calcium Chloride

A

Diltiazem: Increases effects
Digoxin: May cause arrhythmias
Ceftriaxone: Creates insoluble particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the adult dose of Calcium Chloride

A

1 g slow IVP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Calcium Chloride

A

20 mg/kg IVP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Is Calcium Chloride a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order Unless:
Adult dysrhythmia
Pediatric usage
Sulfate Toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the trade name of Calcium Gluconate

A

Kalcinate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Calcium Gluconate

A

Raises Calcium Levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What drug class is Calcium Gluconate

A

Mineral/Electrolyte, Antidote, Inorganic compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Indications for Calcium Gluconate

A

Calcium Channel blocker overdose
Sulfate Overdose
Hyperkalemia/Hypocalcemia inducing EKG changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Contraindications for Calcium Gluconate

A

Hypercalcemia
Hypersensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Common side effects of Calcium Gluconate

A

Chalky Taste, Constipation, Odd Heart Beat Feeling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Calcium Gluconate

A

Ceftriaxone: Creates insoluble particles
Digoxin: May cause arrhythmias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the adult dose of Calcium Gluconate

A

3 g IVP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Calcium Gluconate

A

60 mg/kg IVP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Is Calcium Gluconate a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order Unless:
Adult dysrhythmia
Pediatric usage
Sulfate Toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is the trade name of Metoprolol

A

Lopressor, Toprol, Kapspargo Sprinkle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Metoprolol

A

Blocks Beta 1 adrenergic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What drug class is Metoprolol

A

Beta Blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Indications for Metoprolol

A

Hypertension
Angina
Prevention of MI
Stable symptomatic heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Contraindications for Metoprolol

A

Uncompensated Heart Failure
Pulmonary Edema
Cardiogenic Shock
Bradycardia, Heart Block, SSS without pacemaker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Common side effects of Metoprolol

A

Bradycardia, Heart Failure, Hypotension, Vasoconstriction, Fatigue, Weakness, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Pulmonary Edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Metoprolol

A

Anesthesia: Myocardial depression
Diltiazem, Digoxin: Bradycardia
Epinephrine (All forms): Excessive Alpha Adrenergic stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is the adult dose of Metoprolol

A

IV: 5 mg every 2-3 min
PO: 25-100 mg/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Metoprolol

A

PO: 1 mg/kg daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Is Metoprolol a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Medical Direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What is the trade name of Ketamine

A

Ketalar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Ketamine

A

Antagonizes NMDA receptors to produce analgesic and anesthetic effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What drug class is Ketamine

A

Dissociative Anesthetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Indications for Ketamine

A

RSI
Anesthetic
Sedation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Contraindications for Ketamine

A

Pregnancy & Lactation
Significant Hypertension
Head Trauma & Elevated ICP
Risk of aortic dissection, aneurysm, or myocardial infarction
Allergy to ketamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Common side effects of Ketamine

A

Bradycardia, Bradypnea, myoclonus, Nausea, Vomiting, Confusion, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Rise in blood pressure, Apnea, Delirium, Dissociation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Ketamine

A

CNS Depressants, benzodiazepines, and opioid analgesics: May increase sedation leading to respiratory depression and coma
Sympathomimetics: Increases sympathomimetic effects of ketamine
Theophylline: Lowers seizure threshold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What is the adult dose of Ketamine

A

Pain:
IM: 50 mg Repeated once in 10 min
IV/IO: 25 mg repeated once in 10 minutes
Initial RSI dose:
2 mg/kg
Sedation:
0.1-0.5 mg/min IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Ketamine

A

RSI:
IV: 2 mg/kg
IM: 4 mg/kg
Pain:
IM: 25 mg Repeated once after 10 min
Sedation:
IV: 0.5-1 mg/kg
IM: 2 mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Is Ketamine a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is the trade name of Ketorolac

A

Toradol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Ketorolac

A

Inhibits cyclooxygenase to prevent the genesis of prostaglandins, prostacyclin, and thromboxane. This this prevents inflammation and fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What drug class is Ketorolac

A

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Indications for Ketorolac

A

Renal Colic
Pain
Fever
Inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Contraindications for Ketorolac

A

Hypersensitivity, Thrombosis, Gastrointestinal Risk/Bleeding/Ulcers, Renal Failure/Disease, Blood Thinners, Anticoagulant Usage, Internal Bleeding Suspected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Common side effects of Ketorolac

A

Nausea, Vomiting, GI Bleeding, Stomach Pain, Hypertension, Indigestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Ketorolac

A

NSAIDs, SSRIs: Increased risk of side effects such as gastrointestinal bleeding
Probenecid, Lithium: Increases plasma levels and duration
Pentoxifylline: Increased risk of bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What is the adult dose of Ketorolac

A

IV: 15 mg
IM: 30 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Ketorolac

A

IV: 0.5 mg/kg (Max dose 15 mg)
IM: 1 mg/kg (Max dose 30)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Is Ketorolac a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order unless:
Pediatric administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

What is the trade name of Fentanyl

A

Sublimaze

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Fentanyl

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the nervous system, inhibiting nociceptors and creating an analgesic effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

What drug class is Fentanyl

A

Narcotic Analgesic, Opioid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Indications for Fentanyl

A

Pain
Pre/post RSI when Increased ICP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Contraindications for Fentanyl

A

Allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Common side effects of Fentanyl

A

Respiratory Depression, Euphoria, Confusion, Drowsiness, Nausea, Hypotension, Coma, Constipation, Chest Rigidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Fentanyl

A

Naloxone: Antagonist
Benzodiazepines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

What is the adult dose of Fentanyl

A

Pain:
IM: 1 mcg/kg (Max dose 100 mcg)
IV: 25-50 mcg (Max dose 300 mcg)
IN: 2 mcg/kg (Max dose 100 mcg)
RSI:
IV/IO: 3 mcg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Fentanyl

A

Pain:
IV/IO/IM: 1 mcg/kg (Max dose 3 mcg)
IN: 2 mcg/kg (Max 100 mcg)
RSI:
IV/IO: 3 mcg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Is Fentanyl a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order unless:
Administering > 3 doses to a pediatric patient/ exceeding max dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

What is the trade name of Hydromorphone Hydrochloride

A

Dilaudid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Hydromorphone Hydrochloride

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the nervous system, inhibiting nociceptors and creating an analgesic effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

What drug class is Hydromorphone Hydrochloride

A

Narcotic Analgesic, Opioid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Indications for Hydromorphone Hydrochloride

A

Extreme pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Contraindications for Hydromorphone Hydrochloride

A

Hypersensitivity, Respiratory Depression, Asthma, Gastrointestinal Obstructions, Hypotension, Labor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Common side effects of Hydromorphone Hydrochloride

A

Nausea, Vomiting, Respiratory Depression, Dizziness, Increased ICP, Coma, Seizure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Hydromorphone Hydrochloride

A

Naloxone: Antagonist
Safinamide, Tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin reuptake inhibitors: Serotonin Syndrome
CNS depressants: Respiratory depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

What is the adult dose of Hydromorphone Hydrochloride

A

IV: 1-2 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Hydromorphone Hydrochloride

A

0.015 mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Is Hydromorphone Hydrochloride a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order unless used on a pediatric patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

What is the trade name of Morphine

A

Kadian, Depodur, Infumorph, Duramorph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Morphine

A

Binds to opioid receptors in the nervous system, inhibiting nociceptors and creating an analgesic effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

What drug class is Morphine

A

Narcotic Analgesic, Opioid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

Indications for Morphine

A

Acute Pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

Contraindications for Morphine

A

Allergy, Hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

Common side effects of Morphine

A

Vasodilation, Respiratory Depression, Itching, Pupil Constriction, Sweating, Dizziness, Numbness, Bradycardia, Tachycardia, Hypotension, Syncope, Constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Morphine

A

Naloxone: Antagonist
MAOIs: Increases effects
Alcohol: Increases Plasma levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

What is the adult dose of Morphine

A

0.1 mg/kg IV/IO/IM (Repeatable up to 10 mg)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Morphine

A

0.1-0.2 mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

Is Morphine a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order unless:
Exceeding standing order max dose in an adult patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

What is the trade name of Etomidate

A

Amidate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Etomidate

A

Increases effects of Gaba-aminobutyric acid and lowers work of excitatory neurotransmitters to cause sedation, anesthesia, and hypnosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

What drug class is Etomidate

A

General Anesthetic/Sedative hypnotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

Indications for Etomidate

A

RSI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

Contraindications for Etomidate

A

Allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

Common side effects of Etomidate

A

Nausea, Vomiting, myoclonus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Etomidate

A

Glutides: May induce vomiting
Esketamine: Increases effects
Isocarboxazid, selegiline, tranylcypromine, Sodium Oxybate: Increases blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

What is the adult dose of Etomidate

A

0.1-0.3 mg/kg IVP over 15-30 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Etomidate

A

0.1-0.3 mg/kg IVP over 15-30 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

Is Etomidate a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

What is the trade name of Midazolam

A

Versed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Midazolam

A

Increases effects of Gaba-aminobutyric acid, causing sedation, muscle relaxation, amnesia, and anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

What drug class is Midazolam

A

Benzodiazepine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

Indications for Midazolam

A

Seizure
Sedation
Post RSI sedation
Acute Alcohol Withdrawal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

Contraindications for Midazolam

A

Hypersensitivity, alcohol intoxication, Acute narrow angle glaucoma, epidural use, shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

Common side effects of Midazolam

A

Bradypnea, Apnea, Nausea, Vomiting, hypotension, bradycardia, myoclonus, arrhythmias, bronchospasms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Midazolam

A

Depressants: Increases risk of respiratory depression
Lorazepam, diphenhydramine, cannabidiol, levetiracetam, Valium: Increases and prolongs effects
Alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
108
Q

What is the adult dose of Midazolam

A

Seizure: 2mg/kg IV/IO or 4mg IM. Repeat 2 mg after 2 min if needed
RSI: 0.1 mg/kg, 6mg if >60lbs
Sedation: 2mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
109
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Midazolam

A

0.1 mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
110
Q

Is Midazolam a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order unless exceeding recommended doses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
111
Q

What is the trade name of Proparacaine HCL

A

Alcaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
112
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Proparacaine HCL

A

Prevents ophthalmic nerve excitation by hindering sodium channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
113
Q

What drug class is Proparacaine HCL

A

Ophthalmic anesthetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
114
Q

Indications for Proparacaine HCL

A

Acute eye pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
115
Q

Contraindications for Proparacaine HCL

A

Hypersensitivity, Rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
116
Q

Common side effects of Proparacaine HCL

A

Redness, Burning, Stinging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
117
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Proparacaine HCL

A

Bupivacaine: Methemoglobinemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
118
Q

What is the adult dose of Proparacaine HCL

A

1-2 drops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
119
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Proparacaine HCL

A

1-2 drops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
120
Q

Is Proparacaine HCL a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
121
Q

What is the trade name of Lidocaine

A

Xylocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
122
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Lidocaine

A

Prevents/slows cell depolarization by keeping sodium channels open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
123
Q

What drug class is Lidocaine

A

Local Anesthetic, Antiarrhythmic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
124
Q

Indications for Lidocaine

A

Ventricular Tachycardia
Local anesthetic (IO, etc)
Ventricular fibrillation not responding to alternative interventions
RSI premedication in patients with Increased ICP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
125
Q

Contraindications for Lidocaine

A

IV Calcium Channel Blockers
Allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
126
Q

Common side effects of Lidocaine

A

Drowsiness, Slurred speech, Confusion, Seizures, Hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
127
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Lidocaine

A

Propranolol: Increase concentration
Fluvoxamine
Xanax, Metoprolol, cyclobenzaprine, duloxetine, lorazepam: Increase effects
Acetaminophen: Methemoglobinemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
128
Q

What is the adult dose of Lidocaine

A

1-1.5 mg/kg IVP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
129
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Lidocaine

A

1-1.5 mg/kg IVP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
130
Q

Is Lidocaine a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
131
Q

What is the trade name of Diazepam

A

Valium, Libervant, Diastat,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
132
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Diazepam

A

Binds to receptors in the brain and spinal cord to increase the effects of GABA (Gaba-aminobutyric acid) to cause anti-convulsant, amnesiac, sedative, and muscle relaxant effects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
133
Q

What drug class is Diazepam

A

Benzodiazepine, Anti-Convulsant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
134
Q

Indications for Diazepam

A

Seizure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
135
Q

Contraindications for Diazepam

A

Pediatrics <6 months, narrow angle glaucoma, hypersensitivity, Myasthenia Gravis Disease, Respiratory insufficiency, Sleep apnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
136
Q

Common side effects of Diazepam

A

Drowsiness, fatigue, weakness, headache, incontinence, confusion, sedation, nausea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
137
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Diazepam

A

Grapefruit, fluoxetine, chloramphenicol, carbamazepine, topiramate, phenytoin: Increases concentration
Depressants: Respiratory depression, sedation, and hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
138
Q

What is the adult dose of Diazepam

A

2-10 mg IVP, IM, IO every 3-5 minutes prn up to 20 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
139
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Diazepam

A

0.1-0.3 mg/kg IVP/IM/IO up to 5 mg repeated once prn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
140
Q

Is Diazepam a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
141
Q

What is the trade name of Droperidol

A

Inapsine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
142
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Droperidol

A

Subcortical CNS Depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
143
Q

What drug class is Droperidol

A

Butyrophenones, Sedative/Hypnotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
144
Q

Indications for Droperidol

A

Antinausea
Sedative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
145
Q

Contraindications for Droperidol

A

Hypersensitivity
Angle-closure Glaucoma
Bone Marrow Depression
CNS Depression
QT interval prolongation
Lactation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
146
Q

Common side effects of Droperidol

A

Hypotension, Tachycardia, Constipation, Blurred Vision, Bronchospasm, Laryngospasm, Seizures, Arrhythmias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
147
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Droperidol

A

Nitrates, Antihypertensives: Hypotension
CNS depressants: Increased CNS depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
148
Q

What is the adult dose of Droperidol

A

2.5 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
149
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Droperidol

A

0.01-0.075 max dose 1.25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
150
Q

Is Droperidol a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

MD order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
151
Q

What is the trade name of Ziprasidone

A

Geodon, Zeldox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
152
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Ziprasidone

A

Antagonized Type 2 dopamine, Serotonin, and adrenergic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
153
Q

What drug class is Ziprasidone

A

Antipsychotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
154
Q

Indications for Ziprasidone

A

Schizophrenia
Agitated patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
155
Q

Contraindications for Ziprasidone

A

Hypersensitivity
Prolonged QT interval
Hyperkalemia
Hypomagnesemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
156
Q

Common side effects of Ziprasidone

A

QT Interval Prolongation, SJS, Urticaria, Rhinorrhea, Hyperglycemia, Diarrhea, Agranulocytosis, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
157
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Ziprasidone

A

Antiarrhythmics
Alcohol, Antidepressants, Antihistamines, Opioid analgesics, Sedative/Hypnotics: Increased risk of CNS depression
Carbamazepine: Decreases effects
Ketoconazole: Increases effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
158
Q

What is the adult dose of Ziprasidone

A

10-20 mg prn up to 40 mg/kg per day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
159
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Ziprasidone

A

0.2 mg/kg max dose 20mg (Geoden is not tested in pediatrics. Contact Medical Control, there is no finalized dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
160
Q

Is Ziprasidone a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order Unless:
Pediatric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
161
Q

What is the trade name of Lorazepam

A

Ativan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
162
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Lorazepam

A

CNS depressant that affects GABA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
163
Q

What drug class is Lorazepam

A

Benzodiazepine, Sedative/Hypnotic, Anti Anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
164
Q

Indications for Lorazepam

A

Anxiety
Status Epilepticus
Sedation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
165
Q

Contraindications for Lorazepam

A

Hypersensitivity
Comatose
Severe pain
Sleep apnea
Severe hypotension
Comatose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
166
Q

Common side effects of Lorazepam

A

Apnea, Cardiac Arrest, Bradycardia, Hypotension, Blurred vision, Respiratory depression, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Ataxia, Confusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
167
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Lorazepam

A

Other Benzos, Alcohol, Opioids: Respiratory depression
Valproate, Probenecid: Increases levels
Nicotine: Lowers effectiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
168
Q

What is the adult dose of Lorazepam

A

Status Epilepticus:
IV/IM: 4 mg
Anxiety:
Contact Medical control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
169
Q

Is Lorazepam a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order Unless
Pediatric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
170
Q

What is the trade name of Hydroxocobalamin

A

Cyanokit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
171
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Hydroxocobalamin

A

Is necessary for metabolic processes, cell reproduction, and hematopoiesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
172
Q

What drug class is Hydroxocobalamin

A

Antianemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
173
Q

Indications for Hydroxocobalamin

A

Cyanide Poisoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
174
Q

Contraindications for Hydroxocobalamin

A

Hypersensitivity
Lactation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
175
Q

Common side effects of Hydroxocobalamin

A

Hypertension, Chest Pain, Edema, Tachycardia, dizziness, Headache, Red urine, Acute renal failure, dyspnea, Nausea, Vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
176
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Hydroxocobalamin

A

Colchicine
Alcohol
Chloramphenicol
Antineoplastics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
177
Q

What is the adult dose of Hydroxocobalamin

A

5 g over 15 min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
178
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Hydroxocobalamin

A

70 mg/kg max dose 5 g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
179
Q

Is Hydroxocobalamin a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Medical Direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
180
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Increases bicarbonate and blood PH to lower systemic acid levels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
181
Q

What drug class is Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Minerals/Electrolytes, Antacids, Alkalinizing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
182
Q

Indications for Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Renal Failure
Tricyclic Overdose
Hyperkalemia induced Dysrhythmias or cardiac arrest
Crush Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
183
Q

Contraindications for Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Non in the prehospital setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
184
Q

Common side effects of Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Alkalosis, Headache, Muscle Pain, Nausea, Bradypnea, Polyuria, Vomiting, Nervousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
185
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Incompatible with other drugs. Use a separate line or flush the line well before and after use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
186
Q

What is the adult dose of Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Cardiac Arrest with TCA overdose or hyperkalemia: 1 mEq/kg IVP or 50 mEq over 5 min
Dysrhythmia from tricyclic use or hyperkalemia:1 mEq/kg IVP or 50 mEq over 5 min
Crush Syndrome: 50 mEq/hr max 150

187
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Cardiac Arrest with TCA overdose or hyperkalemia: 1 mEq/kg IVP
Dysrhythmia from tricyclic use or hyperkalemia: 1 mEq/kg IVP

188
Q

Is Sodium Bicarbonate a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order unless used for pediatric dysrhythmia

189
Q

What is the trade name of Naloxone HCL

190
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Naloxone HCL

A

Prevents opiate binding to receptors sites by binding in its place.

191
Q

What drug class is Naloxone HCL

A

Opioid Antagonist

192
Q

Indications for Naloxone HCL

A

CNS depression due to opioid overdose

193
Q

Contraindications for Naloxone HCL

A

Non in the prehospital setting

194
Q

Common side effects of Naloxone HCL

A

Ventricular Arrhythmia, hyper/hypotension, combativeness

195
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Naloxone HCL

A

Opiates: Antagonizes

196
Q

What is the adult dose of Naloxone HCL

A

IN/IV/IM:0.5 mg repeated up to 2 mg

197
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Naloxone HCL

A

IN/IV/IM:0.5 mg repeated up to 2 mg

198
Q

Is Naloxone HCL a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order

199
Q

What is the trade name of Activated Charcoal

A

Insta-Char, Acta Char, Actidose

200
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Activated Charcoal

A

Binds to and neutralizes drugs and toxins in the digestive tract, causing them to be passed through the system with little to no absorption

201
Q

What drug class is Activated Charcoal

202
Q

Indications for Activated Charcoal

A

Oral Poisoning

203
Q

Contraindications for Activated Charcoal

A

poisoning by Cyanide, corrosives, ethanol, iron, mineral acids, solvents, methanol, Altered LOC

204
Q

Common side effects of Activated Charcoal

A

Discolored stool, Nausea, vomiting, GI upset

205
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Activated Charcoal

A

Activated charcoal will bind to most drugs in the system and negate their effects

206
Q

What is the adult dose of Activated Charcoal

A

1g/kg (Dose may be altered at jurisdiction of physician)

207
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Activated Charcoal

A

1g/kg (Dose may be altered at jurisdiction of physician)

208
Q

Is Activated Charcoal a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Medical direction

209
Q

What is the trade name of Pralidoxime Chloride

210
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Pralidoxime Chloride

A

Reactivates cholinesterase to reverse poisonings

211
Q

What drug class is Pralidoxime Chloride

A

Antidote, Cholinesterase reactivator

212
Q

Indications for Pralidoxime Chloride

A

Organophosphate Poisoning

213
Q

Contraindications for Pralidoxime Chloride

A

Hypersensitivity

214
Q

Common side effects of Pralidoxime Chloride

A

Tachycardia, Blurred vision, Weakness, Rigidity, Dizziness,, Headache, Laryngospasm, hyperventilation

215
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Pralidoxime Chloride

A

Opioids, Sedative/Hypnotics

216
Q

What is the adult dose of Pralidoxime Chloride

A

1200-1800 mg

217
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Pralidoxime Chloride

218
Q

Is Pralidoxime Chloride a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order unless pediatric administration

219
Q

What is the trade name of Prochlorperazine

220
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Prochlorperazine

A

Inhibits chemoreceptors in CNS and has anticholinergic effects. Alters dopamine levels in CNS.

221
Q

What drug class is Prochlorperazine

A

Phenothiazines, Antipsychotic

222
Q

Indications for Prochlorperazine

A

Nausea
Vomiting

223
Q

Contraindications for Prochlorperazine

A

Hypersensitivity
Liver/cardiovascular disease
Pediatrics younger than 2
Angle-closure glaucoma
Bone marrow depression

224
Q

Common side effects of Prochlorperazine

A

EKG Changes, Hypotension, Tachycardia, Blurred vision, sedation, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

225
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Prochlorperazine

A

Antacids: Lowers absorption
Lithium: Extrapyramidal reaction risk
Anticholinergic drugs: Increases effects
CNS depressants: Increased CNS depression
Nitrates, Antihypertensives: Hypotension

226
Q

What is the adult dose of Prochlorperazine

A

IV: 2.5-10 mg max 40 mg
IM: 5-10 mg every 3-4 hr PRN

227
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Prochlorperazine

A

For <12
IM: 132 mcg

228
Q

Is Prochlorperazine a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order

229
Q

What is the trade name of Ondansetron

230
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Ondansetron

A

Blocks Serotonin receptor sites in vagal nerves and the CNS chemoreceptors to prevent nausea and vomiting.

231
Q

What drug class is Ondansetron

A

Antiemetic

232
Q

Indications for Ondansetron

A

Nausea and Vomiting

233
Q

Contraindications for Ondansetron

A

Hypersensitivity
Apomorphine use
Long QT syndrome
Phenylketonuria

234
Q

Common side effects of Ondansetron

A

Torsades de Pointes, Serotonin Syndrome, Steven Johnson Syndrome, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, Headache, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Diarrhea, Abdominal Pain, Ischemia

235
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Ondansetron

A

Apomorphine: Hypotension
Serotonin affecting drugs: Serotonin syndrome

236
Q

What is the adult dose of Ondansetron

A

PO/IV/IM: 4mg repeated once prn

237
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Ondansetron

A

PO/IV/IM: 0.1 mg/kg max dose of 4mg

238
Q

Is Ondansetron a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order

239
Q

What is the trade name of Promethazine

240
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Promethazine

A

Blocks histamine, inhibits chemoreception in the medulla, causes CNS depression, and is anticholinergic

241
Q

What drug class is Promethazine

A

Antiemetic, Antihistamine, Sedative/Hypnotic

242
Q

Indications for Promethazine

A

Nausea/Vomiting
Sedation

243
Q

Contraindications for Promethazine

A

Pediatrics <2
Hypersensitivity
Angle Closure Glaucoma
Bladder obstruction
Prostatic Hypertrophy

244
Q

Common side effects of Promethazine

A

Bradycardia, hypertension, hypotension, tachycardia, photosensitivity, hepatitis, neuroleptic malignant syndrome

245
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Promethazine

A

CNS depressants: Increases effects
Antipsychotics: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
MAO inhibitors and drugs with anticholinergic effects: increases anticholinergic effects

246
Q

What is the adult dose of Promethazine

A

Sedation:
IM/IV: 25-50 mg
Nausea/Vomiting:
IM/IV: 25 mg

247
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Promethazine

A

Sedation:
IM/IV: 0.5-1 mg/kg Max dose 25mg
Nausea/Vomiting:
IM/IV: 0.25-1 mg/kg Max dose 25mg

248
Q

Is Promethazine a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order unless an adult re-dose or pediatric <2

249
Q

What is the trade name of Glucagon

A

GlucaGen, Evoke, Baqsimi

250
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Glucagon

A

Induces glycogenolysis and relaxes smooth muscle

251
Q

What drug class is Glucagon

A

Pancreatic

252
Q

Indications for Glucagon

A

Severe hypoglycemia
Beta Blocker Overdose
Calcium Channel Blocker Overdose

253
Q

Contraindications for Glucagon

A

Hypersensitivity
Insulinopenia
Pheochromocytoma

254
Q

Common side effects of Glucagon

A

Hypotension, Cough, Headache, Nausea, Vomiting

255
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Glucagon

A

Beta Blockers: Increase in HR and BP
Epinephrine: Increases duration
Phenytoin: Inhibits

256
Q

What is the adult dose of Glucagon

A

Hypoglycemia: 1 mg IV/IM
Overdose: 50-150 mcg

257
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Glucagon

A

Hypoglycemia: 0.5 mg

258
Q

Is Glucagon a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order unless repeating the dose

259
Q

What is the trade name of Dextrose

260
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Dextrose

A

Is a source of carbohydrates for the body

261
Q

What drug class is Dextrose

A

Carbohydrate

262
Q

Indications for Dextrose

A

Hypoglycemia

263
Q

Contraindications for Dextrose

A

Hypersensitivity
Hyperglycemia

264
Q

Common side effects of Dextrose

A

Hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, Glycosuria, Hyperglycemia, Hypomagnesemia

265
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Dextrose

A

Insulin, hypoglycemic agents: Increases dosage needs

266
Q

What is the adult dose of Dextrose

A

20-50 ml max 25 g per dose IV

267
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Dextrose

A

> 6: 0.5-1 g/kg per dose max 25 g IV
5<: 0.25-0.50 g/kg per dose max 25 g IV

268
Q

Is Dextrose a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order

269
Q

What is the trade name of Succinylcholine

A

Anectine, Quelicin

270
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Succinylcholine

A

Binds with nicotinic receptors to induce muscle paralysis

271
Q

What drug class is Succinylcholine

A

Depolarizing, Neuromuscular Blocker

272
Q

Indications for Succinylcholine

A

Intubation

273
Q

Contraindications for Succinylcholine

A

Burns within 72 hours
Trauma within 72 hours
Low cholinesterase activity
Muscle myopathy
Hyperkalemia

274
Q

Common side effects of Succinylcholine

A

Hypotension, Respiratory depression, Jaw rigidity, HyperKalemia, hyperthermia, cardiac arrest, muscle tissue breakdown

275
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Succinylcholine

A

Diltiazem, Dexamethasone, methylprednisolone: Prolongs effects
Furosemide: May enhance or dilute effects
Metoclopramide:Increased risk of respiratory depression

276
Q

What is the adult dose of Succinylcholine

277
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Succinylcholine

A

First dose:
Infants: 2 mg/kg IV
Adolescents and older children: 1 mg/kg IV
Maintenance:
0.3-0.6 mg/kg IV every 5-10 minutes prn

278
Q

Is Succinylcholine a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order unless using on a pediatric patient

279
Q

What is the trade name of Rocuronium

280
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Rocuronium

A

Binds with nicotinic cholinergic receptors in place of acetylcholine to cause muscle paralysis

281
Q

What drug class is Rocuronium

A

Neuromuscular Blocking Agent

282
Q

Indications for Rocuronium

A

RSI
Intubation

283
Q

Contraindications for Rocuronium

A

<3 months of age
Hypersensitivity
Neuromuscular disease
Use of other neuromuscular agents

284
Q

Common side effects of Rocuronium

A

Lightheadedness, Headache, confusion, blurry vision, weakness, Q-T prolongation

285
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Rocuronium

A

Phenytoin, Carbamazepine: Lower effects and duration
Local anesthetics, beta-adrenergic blockers, potassium depleting diuretics, succinylcholine: Prolongs effects and intensity

286
Q

What is the adult dose of Rocuronium

A

RSI: 1-2 mg/kg IV
Intubation: 0.45-0.6 mg/kgs IV with 0.1-0.2 mg/kg mg/kg IV prn or 0.01-0.12 mg/kg/min

287
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Rocuronium

A

RSI: 1-2 mg/kg IV
Intubation: 0.6 mg/kgs IV with 0.075-0.125 mg/kg IV or 0.001 mcg/kg/min

288
Q

Is Rocuronium a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order unless Pediatric or
Maintaining paralysis

289
Q

What is the trade name of Vecuronium

A

Vecuronium Bromide, Norcuron

290
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Vecuronium

A

Binds with nicotinic cholinergic receptors in place of acetylcholine to cause muscle paralysis

291
Q

What drug class is Vecuronium

A

Neuromuscular Blocking Agent

292
Q

Indications for Vecuronium

A

Anesthesia for intubation

293
Q

Contraindications for Vecuronium

A

Hypersensitivity

294
Q

Common side effects of Vecuronium

A

Hypocalcemia, Hypokalemia, Hypomagnesemia, respiratory depression, hypotension, edema, tachycardia, bronchospasm

295
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Vecuronium

A

Etomidate, Ativan, diltiazem, Metoprolol, Nimbex, Reglan: Increases effects
Furosemide: Decreases effects
Methylprednisolone: May cause muscle disorders
Midazolam: May alter effects
Anticholinesterases: Reverses effects

296
Q

What is the adult dose of Vecuronium

A

Anesthesia: 0.1-0.2 mg/kg

297
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Vecuronium

A

Anesthesia: 0.1 mg/kg IVP repeated every hour prn or 0.05-0.07 mg/kg/hr IV

298
Q

Is Vecuronium a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order

299
Q

What is the trade name of Epinephrine

A

Adrenalin, Anapen, Citanest, Epipen, Lignospan

300
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Epinephrine

A

Induces a sympathetic reaction in the body by binding to Alpha and Beta receptors. For example, In Alpha 1 it causes smooth muscle contraction and in Beta 2, bronchodilation.

301
Q

What drug class is Epinephrine

A

Sympathomimetic

302
Q

Indications for Epinephrine

A

Cardiac Arrest
Anaphylaxis or systemic allergic reactions
Asthma and other restrictive airway diseases
Bradycardia with pulse (Pediatric)
Croup

303
Q

Contraindications for Epinephrine

A

None in the prehospital setting

304
Q

Common side effects of Epinephrine

A

Anxiety, tremor, palpitations, tachycardia, headache, hypertension

305
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Epinephrine

A

Inhibits effects: Alpha Adrenergic blocker, antihypertensive, vasodilators, diuretics
Increases effects: Beta-Adrenergic blockers, MAO inhibitors, COMT inhibitors

306
Q

What is the adult dose of Epinephrine

A

Cardiac Arrest: 0.5-1 mg (10 ml of 10:10000) IVP/IO prn every 4 minutes or 2.0 mg per dose ET
Allergic Reaction/Anaphylaxis: 0.3 mg (0.3 ml of 1:1000)
Allergic Reaction with Cardiovascular Collapse: 0.3 mg slow IVP
Asthma/ Restrive Airway Disease: 0.3 mg IM
Croup: 5mg nebulized

307
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Epinephrine

A

Cardiac Arrest: 0.1 mg/kg (10 ml of 10:10000) IVP/IO prn every 4 minutes
Allergic Reaction/Anaphylaxis: 0.01 mg/kg of 1:1000)
Allergic Reaction with Cardiovascular Collapse: 0.01 mg slow IVP
Asthma/ Restrive Airway Disease: 0.01 mg IM
Croup: 5mg nebulized

308
Q

Is Epinephrine a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order unless:
Adult Asthma if patient is > 40 or has a cardiac disease
Pediatric Anaphylaxis via IVP or Max dose when possible
Pediatric Asthma/Restrive Airway Disease
Croup

309
Q

What is the trade name of Ipratropium

310
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Ipratropium

A

Blocks cholinergic receptors inducing smooth muscles relaxation in the bronchioles are raising HR

311
Q

What drug class is Ipratropium

A

Anticholinergic

312
Q

Indications for Ipratropium

A

Respiratory distress with the presence of bronchospasms, wheezing, and/or COPD

313
Q

Contraindications for Ipratropium

A

Allergy or sensitivity
Signs and symptoms of heart failure

314
Q

Common side effects of Ipratropium

A

Tachycardia, Nervousness, tremors, dizziness, palpitations, nausea, vomiting, congestion, hypertension, elevated bronchial secretions, and paroxysmal bronchoconstriction (with repeated use)

315
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Ipratropium

A

May have an increased and undesired effect when paired with other anticholinergics

316
Q

What is the adult dose of Ipratropium

A

0.5 mg Nebulized in tandem with Atrovent

317
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Ipratropium

A

> 5: 0.5 Nebulized in tandem with Atrovent
< 5: 0.25 Nebulized in tandem with Atrovent

318
Q

Is Ipratropium a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order

319
Q

What is the trade name of Albuterol

A

Ventolin HFA, ProAir HFA, Respiclick, Accuneb

320
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Albuterol

A

Binds to Beta-2 receptors inducing relaxation of the bronchioles

321
Q

What drug class is Albuterol

A

Adrenergic Bronchodilator

322
Q

Indications for Albuterol

A

Respiratory distress with the presence of bronchospasms, wheezing, and/or COPD
Suspected hyperkalemia

323
Q

Contraindications for Albuterol

A

Allergy or sensitivity
Signs and symptoms of heart failure

324
Q

Common side effects of Albuterol

A

Tachycardia, Nervousness, tremors, dizziness, palpitations, nausea, vomiting, congestion, hypertension, elevated bronchial secretions, and paroxysmal bronchoconstriction (with repeated use)

325
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Albuterol

A

Diuretics: If non potassium sparing, may result in hypokalemia
Beta Blockers: Neutralize the effects
Tricyclic antidepressants and MAOIs: Increase effects

326
Q

What is the adult dose of Albuterol

A

1 Dose of the patients MDI PRN
2.5 mg Nebulized with ipratropium PRN

327
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Albuterol

A

2.5 mg Nebulized PRN

328
Q

Is Albuterol a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order

329
Q

What is the trade name of Methylprednisolone

A

Solu-Medrol

330
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Methylprednisolone

A

Binds to glucocorticoid receptors, resulting in the blockage of inflammatory genes and cytokines and inhibits T-cell activity

331
Q

What drug class is Methylprednisolone

A

Corticosteroid

332
Q

Indications for Methylprednisolone

A

Respiratory distress caused by allergic reaction, asthma, allergic reaction, or COPD
Acute Adrenal Insufficiency

333
Q

Contraindications for Methylprednisolone

A

Allergy, Fungal infection

334
Q

Common side effects of Methylprednisolone

A

Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headaches, blurred vision, muscle pain

335
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Methylprednisolone

A

Hepatic Enzyme inducers: Increases drug clearance leading to a higher necessary dosage
Hepatic enzyme inhibitors: Decreases drug clearance leading to a lower necessary dosage.
Aspirin: May Cause GI distress or damage

336
Q

What is the adult dose of Methylprednisolone

A

125 mg IVP over 1 min minimum or via IM

337
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Methylprednisolone

A

2 mg/kg IVP over 1 min minimum or via IM. Max dose 125 mg

338
Q

Is Methylprednisolone a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order except for:
Pediatric administration of any kind
or Adrenal insufficiency

339
Q

What is the trade name of Diphenhydramine

340
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Diphenhydramine

A

Antagonizes H1 receptors to prevent histamine function.

341
Q

What drug class is Diphenhydramine

A

Antihistamine

342
Q

Indications for Diphenhydramine

A

Dystonic reactions
Anaphylaxis
Allergies

343
Q

Contraindications for Diphenhydramine

A

Hypersensitivity
Asthma
Lactation

344
Q

Common side effects of Diphenhydramine

A

Hypotension, Palpitations, Blurred vision, Headache, Dizziness, Polyuria

345
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Diphenhydramine

A

Antihistamines, Alcohol, Opiates, sedative hypnotics: CNS depression
MAOs, Tricyclic antidepressants: Increased anticholinergic effect

346
Q

What is the adult dose of Diphenhydramine

A

50 mg/kg max dose 400 mg

347
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Diphenhydramine

348
Q

Is Diphenhydramine a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order Unless
Pediatric Combativeness
Pediatric Dystonic reaction

349
Q

What is the trade name of Magnesium Sulfate

A

Epsom Salt, Sulfamag

350
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Magnesium Sulfate

A

Blocks Calcium Channels and serves as a bronchodilator . Smooth muscle relaxer

351
Q

What drug class is Magnesium Sulfate

A

Mineral/Electrolyte, Antidysrhythmic

352
Q

Indications for Magnesium Sulfate

A

Torsades de pointes
Asthma
Hypertension caused in pregnancy

353
Q

Contraindications for Magnesium Sulfate

A

Shock
Dialysis (Renal Failure)
High Degree Heart Block
Hypocalcemia
V-Fib
Pulseless V-Tach in adults
Hypersensitivity

354
Q

Common side effects of Magnesium Sulfate

A

Flushing, Sweating, bradycardia, Respiratory Depression, Hypothermia

355
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Magnesium Sulfate

A

Digitalis: Cardiac Conduction Problems
Calcium: Antidote to overdose

356
Q

What is the adult dose of Magnesium Sulfate

A

1-2g for the tors, 2-4g for the whores

357
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Magnesium Sulfate

A

25 mg/kg Max 2g

358
Q

Is Magnesium Sulfate a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order Unless:
Pre-Eclampsia or Eclampsia
Maintenance drip

359
Q

What is the trade name of Furosemide

A

Furosemide

360
Q

What is the mechanism of action of FurosemideIncreases excretion of water and electrolytes while blocking cotransport of sodium and chloride. This causes the proximal tubule, distal tubule, and thick descending loop of Henle to be unable to reabsorb either.

361
Q

What drug class is Furosemide

A

Loop Diuretic

362
Q

Indications for Furosemide

A

Acute Pulmonary Edema
Hyperkalemia
Congestive Heart Failure

363
Q

Contraindications for Furosemide

A

Hypokalemia
Renal Shutdown
Hypovolemia, Dehydration, and hypotension
Pregnancy

364
Q

Common side effects of Furosemide

A

Blurred vision, diarrhea, numbness, tingling, constipation, hypovolemia, hypotension, hyponatremia, and hypokalemia

365
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Furosemide

A

Salmeterol, Albuterol, : May cause hypokalemia
Esomeprazole: May cause hypomagnesemia
Metoprolol: Hypotension and Bradycardia
Insulin: May diminish effectiveness
Empagliflozin: Increases effect of Furosemide

366
Q

What is the adult dose of Furosemide

A

Prior prescription of furosemide: 20 mg IV
No prior prescription of furosemide: 40 mg IV

367
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Furosemide

A

Pediatric Dosage
Not indicated

368
Q

Is Furosemide a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order unless:
Attempting use on a pediatric patient

369
Q

What is the trade name of Dopamine

370
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Dopamine

A

Adrenergic agonist for Alpha and Beta receptors, raising rate and the contractility of the heart

371
Q

What drug class is Dopamine

A

Sympathetic agonist

372
Q

Indications for Dopamine

A

Hypotension

373
Q

Contraindications for Dopamine

A

Hypovolemic Shock, Tachyarrhythmia, VFib

374
Q

Common side effects of Dopamine

A

Palpitations, Anxiety, Hypertension, Headache, Dizziness, Worsened Cardiac Ischemia, Bradycardia, Dyspnea

375
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Dopamine

A

Alkaline Solutions: Will render the dopamine inactive

376
Q

What is the adult dose of Dopamine

A

2-20 mcg/kg/min (1600)

377
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Dopamine

A

2-20 mcg/kg/min

378
Q

Is Dopamine a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order Unless:
Pediatric Usage

379
Q

What is the trade name of TXA

A

Cyklokapron, Lysteda

380
Q

What is the mechanism of action of TXA

A

prevents plasmogin from converting into plasmin by binding to fibrin, reducing bleeding.

381
Q

What drug class is TXA

A

antifibrinolytics

382
Q

Indications for TXA

A

prevention/Reduction of hemorrhage

383
Q

Contraindications for TXA

A

hypersensitivity
Thrombotic disorders
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Intravascular clotting
Injury > 3 hours old

384
Q

Common side effects of TXA

A

Hypotension, Thromboembolism, visual changes, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, seizures, anaphylaxis

385
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of TXA

A

Contraceptives: Increased risk of thrombosis
Clotting factors: increases risk of thrombosis
Thrombolytic agents: Lowers effectiveness
Trans Retinonic acids: Increases effect

386
Q

What is the adult dose of TXA

A

10 mg/kg or 1g in 100ml NS over 10 minutes

387
Q

What is the pediatric dose of TXA

A

10 mg/kg or 1g in 100ml NS over 10 minutes

388
Q

Is TXA a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order Unless
pediatric use

389
Q

What is the trade name of Oxytocin

390
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Oxytocin

A

Induces contractions of smooth muscle in the uterus and has vasopressin/antidiuretic effects

391
Q

What drug class is Oxytocin

392
Q

Indications for Oxytocin

A

Control of postpartum bleeding

393
Q

Contraindications for Oxytocin

A

Hypersensitivity, Nonvaginal delivery oncoming or anticipated

394
Q

Common side effects of Oxytocin

A

Hypotension, Hyponatremia, Painful Contractions, Abruptio Placenta, Uterine Motility, Seizure, Coma, Intracranial Hemorrhage
(Fetal: Arrhythmia, Asphyxia)

395
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Oxytocin

A

Vasopressors: Hypertension

396
Q

What is the adult dose of Oxytocin

A

10 units in 500ml NS over 30 min

397
Q

Is Oxytocin a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order

398
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Heparin

A

Potentiates antithrombin and prevents conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

399
Q

What drug class is Heparin

A

Anticoagulant

400
Q

Indications for Heparin

A

Thromboembolic disorders
IV catheter maintenance

401
Q

Contraindications for Heparin

A

Hypersensitivity
Uncontrolled bleeding
Thrombocytopenia
Premature infants

402
Q

Common side effects of Heparin

A

Rash, urticaria, Hyperkalemia, Bleeding, Fever

403
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Heparin

A

Platelet affecting drugs: Risk of bleeding
Thrombolytics: Increased risk of breathing
Digoxin, Tetracyclines, Nicotine, Antihistamine: lowers effects

404
Q

What is the adult dose of Heparin

A

60 units/kg up to 10000

405
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Heparin

A

50-100 units/kg

406
Q

Is Heparin a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Medical direction

407
Q

What is the trade name of Norepinephrine

408
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Norepinephrine

A

Stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in blood vessels causing vasoconstriction

409
Q

What drug class is Norepinephrine

A

Vasopressor

410
Q

Indications for Norepinephrine

A

Hypotension

411
Q

Contraindications for Norepinephrine

A

Hypersensitivity
Tachy-dysrhythmias
Hypovolemia

412
Q

Common side effects of Norepinephrine

A

Arrhythmias, Bradycardia, Chest pain, Hypertension, Hyperglycemia, Metabolic acidosis, Anxiety, Dizziness, Dyspnea, Fever, Tremor

413
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Norepinephrine

A

Digoxin, Doxapram, Anesthesia, Cocaine, Cyclopropane: Myocardial Irritability
Tricyclic antidepressants, MAO inhibitors, Doxapram: Hypertension
Beta blockers: Hypertension

414
Q

What is the adult dose of Norepinephrine

A

2-4 mg in 500 mL NS

415
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Norepinephrine

A

0.1 mcg/kg/min

416
Q

Is Norepinephrine a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing order unless used with a pediatric

417
Q

What is the trade name of Nitroglycerin

A

Nitrostat, Tridil

418
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Nitroglycerin

A

Converts into nitric oxide in the body to induce smooth muscle relaxation

419
Q

What drug class is Nitroglycerin

420
Q

Indications for Nitroglycerin

A

Angina
Heart Failure
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Pulmonary edema
Food impaction

421
Q

Contraindications for Nitroglycerin

A

Systolic <90
Hypersensitivity
Anemia
Increased ICP
Hypovolemic Shock
Pericardial Tamponade

422
Q

Common side effects of Nitroglycerin

A

Hypotension, Syncope, Tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, dizziness, Headache, Weakness

423
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Nitroglycerin

A

Afil suffix: Severe hypotension
ED medications: Severe hypotension
Anticholinergic drugs: Decreases absorption
Beta Blockers, alcohol, Calcium Channel blockers: Severe hypotension

424
Q

What is the adult dose of Nitroglycerin

A

0.4 mg up to 3 times, max dose 0.15 mg

425
Q

Is Nitroglycerin a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order Unless:
Food impaction
Pediatric
>3 doses

426
Q

What is the trade name of Aspirin

A

Ectotrin, Acuprin, Empirin

427
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Aspirin

A

Inhibits prostaglandin production resulting in reduced inflammation and decreases platelet aggregation

428
Q

What drug class is Aspirin

A

NSAID, Antiplatelet agent

429
Q

Indications for Aspirin

A

Arthritis
Pain
Fever
TIAs and MIs

430
Q

Contraindications for Aspirin

A

GI bleed within 7 days
Hypersensitivity
Bleeding disorders
Thrombocytopenia
Pediatrics
Pregnancy post 30 weeks

431
Q

Common side effects of Aspirin

A

GI bleeding, dyspepsia, pain, nausea, anemia, rash

432
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Aspirin

A

Other NSAIDs: GI Upset
Blood Thinners: Increased Risk of Bleeding

433
Q

What is the adult dose of Aspirin

A

324 mg (x4 81 mg tablets)

434
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Aspirin

A

3-10 mg/kg

435
Q

Is Aspirin a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order

436
Q

What is the trade name of Amiodarone

437
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Amiodarone

A

Blocks alpha and beta receptors and keeps potassium from repolarizing the heart, lengthening the action potential

438
Q

What drug class is Amiodarone

A

Anti-arrhythmic

439
Q

Indications for Amiodarone

A

Pulseless ventricular tachycardia
Shock refractory ventricular fibrillation
Wide complex tachycardia with pulse

440
Q

Contraindications for Amiodarone

A

Hypersensitivity, Bradycardia, Breastfeeding, Heart Block, Cardiogenic Shock

441
Q

Common side effects of Amiodarone

A

Hypotension, Bradycardia, Prolonged PR, Prolonged QT, Prolonged QRS, Dizziness, Fatigue, Myoclonus, CHF

442
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Amiodarone

A

Grapefruit: Increases risk of negative effects
Any QT prolonging medications like Furosemide or Benadryl
Protease inhibitors: Prevents metabolism
Anticoagulants: Severe bleeding

443
Q

What is the adult dose of Amiodarone

A

VF/VT Pulseless: 300mg IVP/IO repeated a max of 2 times 150 mg second dose
Post conversion with arrhythmia or increased ectopy: 150mgs in 100ml NS at 15mg/min over 10 minutes
Wide complex tachycardia: 150 mg/kg IV/IO in 100ml NS at 15mg/min over 10 minutes (MD)

444
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Amiodarone

A

VF/VT Pulseless: 5 mg/kg up to 300mg per dose. May be repeated 2 times IV/IO. (MD)
Wide complex tachycardia: 5 mg/kg up to 150 mg per dose. May repeat once IV/IO. (Use 100ml NS and 50 gtts/min) (MD)

445
Q

Is Amiodarone a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order Unless
Adult or pediatric wide complex tachycardia (VT included in adults)

446
Q

What is the trade name of Adenosine

447
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Adenosine

A

Causes potassium efflux and blocks Calcium channels, hyperpolarizing the heart and causing the AV node to slow conduction.

448
Q

What drug class is Adenosine

A

Nucleoside

449
Q

Indications for Adenosine

450
Q

Contraindications for Adenosine

A

Heart Block, Bronchospasm, Afib, Hypersensitivity, Heart Block, Torsades de Pointes

451
Q

Common side effects of Adenosine

A

Dizziness, Nausea, Headache, Chest Pain, Flush

452
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Adenosine

A

Methylxanthines: Antagonist
Carbamazepine, Dipyridamole: Enhances effects

453
Q

What is the adult dose of Adenosine

A

6 mg IVP, Can be repeated once with a dose of 12 mg if necessary.

454
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Adenosine

A

0.1-0.2 mg/kg IVP

455
Q

Is Adenosine a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order Unless:
Pediatric use

456
Q

What is the trade name of Diltiazem

457
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Diltiazem

A

Blocks calcium channels to cause smooth muscle relaxation and AV node conduction. Lowers Blood pressure.

458
Q

What drug class is Diltiazem

A

Anti-arrhythmic, Calcium Channel Blocker

459
Q

Indications for Diltiazem

A

Narrow complex tachyarrhythmias (Stable)
Afib induced rapid ventricular rate

460
Q

Contraindications for Diltiazem

A

Hypotension, CHF, Wide complex V-Tach, Cardiogenic Shock, Edema, Bradycardia, MI

461
Q

Common side effects of Diltiazem

A

Nausea, Hypotension, Vomiting, Dizziness

462
Q

Key drug/drug interactions of Diltiazem

A

Beta Blockers: BradyArrhythmias
Anticoagulants: Increased risk of bleeding
Metoprolol: Increases effects

463
Q

What is the adult dose of Diltiazem

A

0.25 mg/kg max dose 20 mg over 2 minutes via IV bolus. May repeat once at an adjusted dose of 0.35 mg/kg after 10-15 min.

464
Q

Is Diltiazem a standing order or only administered under medical direction?

A

Standing Order

Paramedic Pharmacology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions