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Paramedic Pharmacology > Civilian Medications > Flashcards

Civilian Medications Flashcards

1
Q

What is the trade name of ___

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2
Q

___ is a part of what drug class

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3
Q

What is the MOA of ___

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4
Q

For what is ___ indicated?

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5
Q

___ is contraindicated in…

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6
Q

What are common side effects of ___

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7
Q

What are precautions of ___

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8
Q

___ interacts with

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9
Q

What is the adult dose of ___

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10
Q

What is the pediatric dose of ___

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11
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What is the onset of ___

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12
Q

What is the trade name of Whole Blood?

A

LTOWB+

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13
Q

Whole Blood is a part of what drug class

A

Blood Component

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14
Q

What is the MOA of Whole Blood

A

Provides White blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, and clotting factors

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15
Q

For what is Whole Blood indicated?

A

Trauma with (possible) blood loss
And Hemorrhagic shock

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16
Q

Whole Blood is contraindicated in…

A

Non consent
Lack of vascular access
Non compatible

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17
Q

What are common side effects of Whole Blood

A

Pulmonary edema, Pain, Fever, Headache, Flushing,

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18
Q

What are precautions of Whole Blood

A

Administration of other drugs

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19
Q

Whole Blood interacts with

A

Lactated Ringers

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20
Q

What is the adult dose of Whole Blood

A

1 Unit

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21
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Whole Blood

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22
Q

What is the trade name of Packed Red Blood Cells

A

RBCs, PRBCs

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23
Q

Packed Red Blood Cells is a part of what drug class

A

Blood Component

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24
Q

What is the MOA of Packed Red Blood Cells

A

The influx of red blood cells increase the body’s oxygen transport capabilities

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25
Q

For what is Packed Red Blood Cells indicated?

A

Severe Anemia

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26
Q

Packed Red Blood Cells is contraindicated in…

A

Anemia that can be treated with other methods
Incompatible blood type
Non consent
Lack of vascular access
Non compatible

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27
Q

What are common side effects of Packed Red Blood Cells

A

Purpura, Circulatory overload, Acute lung injury, Hypersensitive reactions

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28
Q

What are precautions of Packed Red Blood Cells

A

Administration of other drugs

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29
Q

What is the adult dose of Packed Red Blood Cells

A

1 unit over 1-2 hr

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30
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Packed Red Blood Cells

A

10-15 ml/kg

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31
Q

What is the onset of Packed Red Blood Cells

A

Immediate

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32
Q

What is the trade name of Fresh Frozen Plasma

A

FFP, Octoplase

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33
Q

Fresh Frozen Plasma is a part of what drug class

A

Blood Component

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34
Q

What is the MOA of Fresh Frozen Plasma

A

Provides plasma proteins and clotting factors to body

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35
Q

For what is Fresh Frozen Plasma indicated?

A

Hemorrhage
Replacement of missing proteins
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

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36
Q

Fresh Frozen Plasma is contraindicated in…

A

IgA deficiency
Protein S deficiency
Hypersensitivity
Non consent
Lack of vascular access
Non compatible

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37
Q

What are common side effects of Fresh Frozen Plasma

A

Headache, Nausea, Circulatory overload, Purpura, Alkalosis, Cardiac Arrest, Tachycardia, Thromboembolism, Pulmonary edema, Vomiting

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38
Q

What are precautions of Fresh Frozen Plasma

A

Should not be used as replacement for blood loss
Administration of other drugs

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39
Q

Fresh Frozen Plasma interacts with

A

Calcium: Incompatible in same IV line

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40
Q

What is the adult dose of Fresh Frozen Plasma

A

Coagulation factor replacement: 10-15 ml/kg
Bleeding: 10-20 ml/kg

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41
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Fresh Frozen Plasma

A

Bleeding: 10-15 ml/kg

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42
Q

What is the onset of Fresh Frozen Plasma

A

Immediate

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43
Q

What is the trade name of Mannitol

44
Q

Mannitol is a part of what drug class

A

Osmotic Diuretic

45
Q

What is the MOA of Mannitol

A

Increases osmotic pressure and inhibits reabsorption

46
Q

For what is Mannitol indicated?

A

Increased ICP and Pulmonary Edema
Increased Intraocular pressure

47
Q

Mannitol is contraindicated in…

A

Hypersensitivity
Anuria
Hypovolemia
Active intracranial bleeding
Severe pulmonary edema

48
Q

What are common side effects of Mannitol

A

Angina, Heart failure, Tachycardia, Dehydration, low electrolyte levels, Nausea, Vomiting, Pulmonary edema, Coma, Lethargy, Acute kidney failure, Renal failure, Thirst, Alkalosis

49
Q

What are precautions of Mannitol

A

Renal impairment
Deficient blood/brain barrier
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pediatrics

50
Q

Mannitol interacts with

A

Digoxin: Risk of toxicity
Nephrotic drugs: Renal Failure
Neurotoxic drugs: Toxicity

51
Q

What is the adult dose of Mannitol

A

Intracranial: 0.25 g/kg
Intraocular: 1.5-2 g/kg

52
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Mannitol

A

Intracranial: 1-2 /kg
Intraocular: 1-2 /kg

53
Q

What is the onset of Mannitol

54
Q

What is the trade name of Phenylephrine

A

Neo-Synephrine, Biorphren

55
Q

Phenylephrine is a part of what drug class

A

Vasopressor, Adrenergic

56
Q

What is the MOA of Phenylephrine

A

Stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors to induce vasoconstriction

57
Q

For what is Phenylephrine indicated?

A

Hypotension from shock that does not respond to fluid replacement
Hypotension from anesthesia

58
Q

Phenylephrine is contraindicated in…

A

Hypersensitivty
Hypovolemia

59
Q

What are common side effects of Phenylephrine

A

Arrhythmias, Nausea, Vomiting, Blurred Vision, Headache, Tremor, Dyspnea

60
Q

What are precautions of Phenylephrine

A

Heart Failure
Coronary artery disease
Pregnancy/Lactation
Pediatrics

61
Q

Phenylephrine interacts with

A

General Anesthetics: Myocardial Irritability
Alpha-Adrenergic blockers, Calcium Channel blockers, Benzodiazepines, ACE inhibitors: Antagonizes vasopressor effects
MAO inhibitors, oxytocics, tricyclic antidepressants, atropine, corticosteroids: Severe hypertension

62
Q

What is the adult dose of Phenylephrine

A

IV: 0.2 mg
IM: 2-5 mg

63
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Phenylephrine

A

IV: 5-20 mcg
IM: 0.1 mg/kg

64
Q

What is the onset of Phenylephrine

65
Q

What is the trade name of Terbutaline

A

Bricanyl Turbuhaler

66
Q

Terbutaline is a part of what drug class

A

Bronchodilator, adrenergic

67
Q

What is the MOA of Terbutaline

A

Causes bronchodilation, prevents mast cell activation

68
Q

For what is Terbutaline indicated?

A

Asthma induced airway disease

69
Q

Terbutaline is contraindicated in…

A

Hypersensitivity

70
Q

What are common side effects of Terbutaline

A

Angina, Arrhythmias, Nausea, Hypokalemia, Vomiting, Tachycardia, Myocardial ischemia, Pulmonary edema, nervousness, Tremor, headache

71
Q

What are precautions of Terbutaline

A

Cardiac Disease
Hypertension
Hyperthyroidism
Diabetes
Glaucoma
Pregnancy
Geriatrics

72
Q

Terbutaline interacts with

A

Adrenergics: Additive effects
MAO inhibitors: Hypertensive crisis
Beta Blockers: negates effects

73
Q

What is the adult dose of Terbutaline

A

2.5 mg 3x daily

74
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Terbutaline

A

2.5 mg 3x daily unless <12 yr in which case the dosage is lowered to 0.05

75
Q

What is the onset of Terbutaline

A

PO: 60-120 min
SubQ: <15 min

76
Q

What is the trade name of Pancuronium

77
Q

Pancuronium is a part of what drug class

A

Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent

78
Q

What is the MOA of Pancuronium

A

Blocks effects of acetylcholine at myoneural junction

79
Q

For what is Pancuronium indicated?

80
Q

Pancuronium is contraindicated in…

A

Hypersensitivity
Neonates

81
Q

What are common side effects of Pancuronium

A

Bronchospasm, Hypertension, Tachycardia

82
Q

Pancuronium interacts with

A

-Other paralytics, Metabolizing affecting drugs like diuretics, -Calcium Channel blockers, -Cyclosporin, Beta blockers: Prolongs duration and intensity
-Inhalation anesthetics: Enhances effects

83
Q

What is the adult dose of Pancuronium

A

0.06-0.01 mg/kg loading dose, 0.01 mg/kg every 25-60 min maintenance

84
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Pancuronium

A

0.06-0.01 mg/kg loading dose, 0.01 mg/kg every 25-60 min maintenance

85
Q

What is the onset of Pancuronium

86
Q

What is the trade name of Meperidine

87
Q

Meperidine is a part of what drug class

A

Opioid Analgesic

88
Q

What is the MOA of Meperidine

A

Binds to opiate receptors in the Central nervous system and produces CNS depression

89
Q

For what is Meperidine indicated?

A

Severe pain
Sedation

90
Q

Meperidine is contraindicated in…

A

Hypersensitivity
MAO inhibitor therapy within 14 days
Respiratory distress/difficulty
Pregnancy & Lactation

91
Q

What are common side effects of Meperidine

A

Hypotension, Bradycardia, Flushing, Sweating, Adrenal insufficiency, Nausea, Vomiting, Confusion, Sedation, Euphoria, Headache, Seizures, Respiratory depression

92
Q

Meperidine interacts with

A

CYP3A4 Inducer/Inhibitors
MAO inhibitors, Procarbazine: FATAL
CNS depressants and Benzos
Agonist/Antagonist analgesics
Alcohol
Neurotransmitter affecting drugs: Serotonin syndrome

93
Q

What is the adult dose of Meperidine

A

PO: 50-150 mg every 3-4 hr
IM/SUBQ: 50-150 mg every 3-4 hr
IV: 15-35 mg/hr

94
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Meperidine

A

PO: 1.1-1.8 mg/kg every 3-4 hr
IM/SUBQ: 1.1-1.8 mg/kg every 3-4 hr
IV:0.5-1 mg/kg loading followed by 0.3 mg/kg/hr

95
Q

What is the onset of Meperidine

A

PO: 15 min
IM/SubQ: 10-15 min
IV: Immediate

96
Q

What is the trade name of Propofol

97
Q

Propofol is a part of what drug class

A

General Anesthetic

98
Q

What is the MOA of Propofol

A

Short acting hypnotic with amnesiac effects

99
Q

For what is Propofol indicated?

A

General anesthesia induction
Sedation

100
Q

Propofol is contraindicated in…

A

Hypersensitivity
Pregnancy

101
Q

What are common side effects of Propofol

A

Bradycardia, Hypotension, Hypertension, Nausea, Vomiting, Apnea, Fever, Propofol Infusion Syndrome

102
Q

Propofol interacts with

A

Fentanyl: Severe bradycardia
Acetazolamide: Cardiorespiratory instability
Theophylline: Antagonizes effects
Alcohol, Sedative/hypnotics, opioids, antihistamines: Increased CNS depression

103
Q

What is the adult dose of Propofol

A

40 mg every 10 min loading dose. 150-200 mcg/kg/min thereafter

104
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Propofol

A

2.5-3.5 mg/kg

105
Q

What is the onset of Propofol

Paramedic Pharmacology (7 decks)

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