Para-alimentary Anatomy Flashcards
Partoid gland: what type of gland is it? what is its innervation?
It is a purely serous gland Parasympathetic innervation from CN VII/IX
What is name of duct of parotid gland?
Stenson’s duct
What are other two salivary glands?
What are ducts?
Sublingual and submandibular gland– produce mucinous/serous secretions
Submandibular gland contains Wharton’s duct while sublingual gland has multiple small ducts
What is round ligament of liver?
Remnant of obliterated umbilical vein
Falciform ligament is ______
The remnant of ventral mesentery
What are the coronary and left triangular ligaments?
Remnants of ventral mesentery
What constitutes the fissure in the liver that separates the Left and Right lobe (anatomical)
Extension of the round ligament– the ligament venosum (former ductus venosus)
What are four anatomic lobes of liver?
L, R, quadrate, caudate
R>L in terms of anatomical lobes
What is functional border of L/R lobes of liver?
Line between the IVC and the gall bladder
L>R
What determines 8 resectable hepatic segments?
They all receive a branch of hepatic artery
I-IV: functional L lobe
V-VIII: functional R lobe
What is #1 segment? What is its blood supply?
1 Segment is caudate lobe. Its blood supply is split between R/L
How does the cystic duct function as a two street?
Receives output from common hepatic duct, but then releases all contents from gallbladder storage area upon CCK signaling into bile duct
Describe the blood supply (and relative amounts)
Proper hepatic artery: 25%
Hepatic portal vein: 75%
What is the spiral valve in the biliary duct?
Prevents duct from being single tubular structure, which prevents big sudden bile release
What are the borders of the cystohepatic triangle of calot?
Base of triangle: cystic artery
Left side: Common hepatic duct
Right side: cystic duct
Apex of triangle: formation of common bile duct
Describe blood supply for head of pancreas:
Head: Anterior/posterior superior PDA (common hepatic artery) and inferior PDA (SMA)
Describe blood supply for neck, body, tail of pancreas
Splenic artery branches
What is uncinate process of pancreas?
Head of pancreas portion that “hooks” SMA/SMV
Where do most pancreatic cancers develop?
Da head
Describe embryologic origins of pancreatic ducts
Dorsal links up with ventral duct to form major pancreatic duct (of Wirsung)
Remaining portion of dorsal pancreatic duct from accessory pancreatic duct of Santorini
Describe the main venous drainage portions of gut
Portal vein= splenic vein + SMV (midgut). This occurs posterior to neck of pancreas Splenic vein (foregut) receives IMV (hindgut) behind pancreas body
What occurs in response to portal vein hypertension due to cirrhosis or hepatitis?
Retrograde flow results in porta-caval anastomoses: Esophageal varices Paraumbilical=>Caput medusa Rectal=> hemorrhoids Retroperitoneal
What are two most common orientations of appendix
Classic: 32%
Retrocecal: 64%
