Para 3

Question 1

In contrast to behavioural approaches, emotion-focused and self-regulation training strategies aim to…

Answer 1

…address the underlying cognitive processes that contribute to the symptoms of ADHD.

Question 2

Pezzica et al. (2018) concluded that…

Answer 2

…children with ADHD are aware of what is required of them in a school setting regarding attention, however they do not have the capacity to be successful in meeting these requirements.

Question 3

One way of combatting this is through…

Answer 3

…self-regulation training.

Question 4

Such training teaches children to…

Answer 4

….become more aware of their thoughts, feelings and behaviours, and equips them with strategies to manage impulses, maintain attention and control emotional responses (Pandey et al., 2018).

Question 5

Rosen et al. (2019) developed a programme…

Answer 5

…(Managing Frustration for Children) which targeted impaired emotion regulation in children and found that afterwards, they had significant decreases in internalising symptoms, externalising behaviours and difficulties related to emotion regulation.

Question 6

Notably, more than half the children reached…

Answer 6

…typical levels in at least one area of impairment following treatment.

Question 7

Furthermore, a meta-analysis found that…

Answer 7

…several well-researched and thoroughly tested interventions aimed at supporting self-regulation, were found to be effective in improving children’s self-regulation ability (Pandey et al., 2018).

Question 8

In addition, Burnette et al. (2020) found that…

Answer 8

…growth mindset interventions can help individuals with disorders of self-regulation to cope more effectively.

Question 9

Child-Centred Play Therapy has also been shown to…

Answer 9

…reduce severe behaviours in children with ADHD (Robinson et al., 2017).

Question 10

Children with ADHD also often have…

Answer 10

…sensory needs and once sensory supports were put in place, Delisio et al. (2023) found that 90% of teachers reported them to be ‘somewhat effective’ or ‘very effective’ in reducing undesired behaviours.

Question 11

Nevertheless, the success of such interventions often depends on…

Answer 11

…the consistency and skill with which they are implemented by educators and the funding available to provide necessary resources.

Question 12

School must be adequately staffed and supplied with…

Answer 12

…the necessary materials and resources to enable teachers to serve student well (Delisio et al., 2023).

Question 13

Therefore, unlike token systems, which…

Answer 13

…rely on adult-imposed reinforcement, emotion-focused strategies and self-regulation training promote independence and the development of long-term skills.