Papers 6/16 Flashcards
Horticultural use of greenhouse
Growing main season salad crops eg. Tomatoes
Propagation of young plants on a mist bench.
Growing a flowering or foliage plant on a fixed bench
Horticultural use of a cold frame:
Propagation of crops from cuttings and seed.
Hardening off bedding plants.
Raising young vegetable crops eg. Courgettes
Horticultural use of walk in polythene tunnel
Growing salad crops eg. Lettuce
Overwintering crops
Propagation of plants
Horticultural use of cloche
Covering row crops eg.lettuces or strawberries.
Advanced warming of soil to achieve early cropping.
Early covering of tall crops eg. Beans for establishment, then removing cloche for remainder of plants life.
Horticultural use of conservatory.
Display of tender foliage and flowering plants.
Propagation and hardening off of plants.
Repotting a fern.
Must take place at correct stage of ferns development.
Use terracotta container and growing media high in organic matter content and moisture retentive.
Half fill new pot with growing media.
Remove Fern from old pot and place in centre of new pot.
Fill with growing media no higher than the top of the root ball.
No fronds should be buried.
Firm.
Watering a Fern
Moisture level should be maintained.
Periods of drought should be prevented.
Best achieved by watering the Fern from below using capillary action.
Avoid wetting fronds especially where there is direct ultra violet radiation.
Pest of Fern
Scale insects Flat, tiny, reddish-brown in colour. Sap sucking. Leave sticky residue. Usually attached to the stems and backs of leaves, along central vein. Affected area will be yellow and weak.
Tomatoes.
Pest and Disease when grown in protected environment.
Aphids, whitefly, glasshouse red spider mite and slugs.
Botrytis, tomato mosaic virus, verticillium wilt, root rot, stem canker and tomato blight.
Tomatoes
Affects of air temperature
Low air temperature will slow growth
Low air temperature will result in poor fruit set
Tomatoes
Affect of humidity
High humidity will create a habitat for disease
High humidity will result in reduced water and nutrient uptake by the plant.
Tomatoes
Affect of natural light
Low natural light levels can cause weak, spindly growth.
Poor natural light levels will make plants more susceptible to pest and diseases.
Tomatoes
Affect of low carbon dioxide
Low levels of carbon dioxide will result in a reduced rate of photosynthesis and reduced growth.
Low levels of carbon dioxide will result in. Reduced yield of tomatoes.
Cladding material
Definition as used for protective structures.
Material used to cover the framework of the structure so that it is suitable for production of protected crops.
Types of cladding
Glass, polythene sheeting, twin walled polycarbonate , acrylic, shade netting and horticultural fleece.
Horticultural glass
Benefit and limitation
Good light transmission
Very heavy; difficult to handle
Polythene film
Advantages and limitations.
Versatile, can be pulled over curved framework.
Short life-span approx 3 to 5 years.
Twin walled polycarbonate.
Advantages and limitations.
Good insulation qualities as air is trapped between the two skins.
Light transmission reduces by up to 75% over time.
Methods of changing relative humidity within a protected environment.
To increase humidity:
Damping down paths in glasshouse to encourage surface evaporation.
Misting, overhead irrigation and lowering the air temperature.
Reducing relative humidity:
Increase air temperature.
Increase ventilation including forced ventelation.
Use of low level irrigation.
Essential characteristics of growing media used for production of plants in protected environment.
Provide anchorage for plants.
Maintains a reservoir of water for plant.
Provides essential nutrients for plant.
Well aerated to ensure aerobic respiration can take place.
Free draining so that water logging does not occur.
Selecting a container for crop production.
Good drainage to avoid waterlogging.
Light in weight so that they can be moved easily.
If container is robust it can be reused which will reduce costs and waste.
Selecting a container for interior display.
Look aesthetically pleasing.
Be made from appropriate material for the area it is going to be displayed in.
If it will need to be moved regularly then the weight will be important.
Container will need to be watertight.
