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Question 1

Why do metals conduct electricity?

Answer 1

When a potential difference is applied between two points on a piece of metal, the electrons will flow to the positive side and will form an electrical current.

Question 2

What is an electric current?

Answer 2

Flow of charged particles.

Question 3

What is valency?

Answer 3

The number of covalent bonds formed by atoms of different elements.

Question 4

Explain diamond.

Answer 4

Question 5

Explain giant covalent.

Answer 5

Question 6

What are anions?

Answer 6

Atoms that have gained electrons.

Question 7

What are monomers?

Answer 7

Small simple molecules that can be joined in a chain to form a polymer.

Question 9

Explain the pros and cons of a metallic lattice drawing?

Answer 9

Shows the metal ions held in a lattice but does not show the ions will be vibrating at all times.

Question 10

Explain graphene.

Answer 10

Question 11

What are some of the allotropes of carbon?

Answer 11

Fullerenes, graphene, graphite and diamond.

Question 12

What are covalent bonds?

Answer 12

Shared pair of electrons between two non metals.

Question 13

What are ionic bonds?

Answer 13

Formed between metals and non metals and there is electrostatic attraction between the anion and cation.

Question 14

What is metallic bonding?

Answer 14

Electrostatic attraction between the positive metal ions and the negative delocalised electrons. This attraction is really strong so metals have high melting and boiling points.

Question 15

Explain graphite.

Answer 15

Question 16

What are bonds?

Answer 16

Forces of attraction that hold atoms together. When bonds form between atoms, energy is released from the atoms making them more stable(less reactive).

Question 17

What are electrostatic forces?

Answer 17

Forces of attraction between all positively and negatively charged objects.

Question 18

What are the 5 poly atomic ions you need to know?

Answer 18

Ammonium, hydroxide, nitrate, carbonate and sulfate.

Question 19

Explain ionic.

Answer 19

Question 20

Why are metals malleable?

Answer 20

When they are hit the layers of ions slide over eeachother and the sea of electrons golds the ions together so the metal changes shape instead of breaking.

Question 21

What increases the electrical conductivity in metals?

Answer 21

Increases as the number of delocalised electrons increases.

Question 22

What is a molecular formula?

Answer 22

The number of atoms of each element bonded together in a simple molecule.

Question 23

What does the term malleable mean?

Answer 23

They can be hammered or rolled into shape without shattering.

Question 24

Explain the pros and cons of the 3D ball and stick models.

Answer 24

It shows which atoms are joined together and shows the shape of the structure but shows the atoms too far apart and are not really sticks holding the atoms together.

Question 25

What are cations?

Answer 25

Atoms that have lost an electrons(metals).

Question 26

What are allotropes?

Answer 26

Dofferent structural forms of the same element.

Question 27

What are ionic compounds?

Answer 27

Lattice stucture of positive and negative ions held together by electrostatic forces.

Question 28

How are atoms in molecules held together?

Answer 28

Strong electrostatic forces.

Question 29

What is an ion?

Answer 29

An atom that has gained or lost an electron.

Question 30

Why can simple molecules not conduct electricity?

Answer 30

Simple molecules have no overall charge su cabbit carry current and in a covalent bond electrons are shared and the strong forces hold the electrons in place so they cannot carry any current.

Question 31

What are compounds?

Answer 31

Atoms of more than one element chemically joined together by bonds.

Question 32

Explain simple molecular(covalent).

Answer 32

Question 33

Explain fullerenes.

Answer 33

Question 34

Explain metallic.

Answer 34

Question 35

How are metals arranged?

Answer 35

Packed closely in layers to form a lattice. See of de-localised electrons which move randomly in all direcitons.

Question 36

How are molecules held together?

Answer 36

Weak intermolecular forces.

Question 37

What are the pros and cons of the dot and cross diagram?

Answer 37

Shows how electrons are shared in covalent bonds, however dot and cross diagrams do not show the structure formed and they suggest the electrons in different atoms are different when they are not.

Question 38

Why do simple molecules such as water have low melting and boiling points?

Answer 38

Weak intermolecular forces holding water molecules that are easy to overcome.

Question 39

What are some of the properties of ionic compounds?

Answer 39

Form crystals due to their iregular shape Have high melting and boiling points as the strong electrostatic forces require great deal of heat energy to break Cannot conduct electricity when solid as the ions cannot move so they are locked in place Can conduct electricity when they melted or dissolved in water(to give solutions)as the ions can now move and carry the charges.