PAPER 2 - Transfer of Skills

Question 1

Define Positive Transfer

Answer 1

When the learning of one skill aids the learning of another skill

Question 2

Define Negative Transfer

Answer 2

When the learning of one skill hinders the learning of another skill

Question 3

Define Proactive Transfer

Answer 3

When the learning of a skill influences a skill yet to be performed

Question 4

Define Retroactive Transfer

Answer 4

When the learning of a skill influences a previously learned skill

Question 5

Define Bilateral Transfer

Answer 5

The transfer of learning from one limb to another

Question 6

Give a sporting example of positive transfer

Answer 6

A golf swing and batting in cricket

Question 7

Give a sporting example of negative transfer

Answer 7

Tennis and Badminton- In tennis wrist is locked whereas in badminton you flick the wrist

Question 8

Give a sporting example of proactive transfer

Answer 8

A throwing motor programme learned as a child will later transfer positively and proactively to an over arm bowl in cricket.

Question 9

Give a sporting example of retroactive transfer

Answer 9

A recently learned javelin throw would transfer to an earlier movement of a football throw in

Question 10

Give a sporting example of bilateral transfer

Answer 10

Passing with both feet in football

Question 11

What 3 things can a coach do to optimise the effect of positive transfer

Answer 11

1. Offer a realistic approach to training and practice. Allowing for early success and progress slowly.
2. Maintain similar environmental conditions in both situations
3. Ensure practices replicate the performance environment. i.e. add in defenders.

Question 12

How can a coach limit the effect of negative transfer

Answer 12

A coach should bear in mind the type of practice methods and ensure the skills progressively build on one another. Too many different movement patterns may well confuse the performer during practice sessions and this may hinder the effective transfer of the skill