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Aqa Gcse Geography > Paper 2 - Section C, Food Management > Flashcards

Paper 2 - Section C, Food Management Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the recommended daily calorie intake for an adult

A

2000-2400 calories a day

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2
Q

Which countries have above the recommended daily calorie intake

A

Canada, USA, France, Italy and Germany

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3
Q

What area of the world the lowest daily calorie intake

A

Sub-Saharan Africa

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4
Q

Why do people in HIC consume more food than people in LICS

A
  • HIC have more availability to food (due to improved transport and storage)
  • HIC have high capital investments and high agricultural outputs
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5
Q

As levels of development increase globally, how will this affect food consumption

A
  • increased levels of development + higher standards of living mean people can buy more food
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6
Q

What does food surplus mean

A

Countries produce more food than is needed by their population

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7
Q

What is food security

A

A country has sufficient, safe, affordable and nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active lifestyle

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8
Q

Why do many countries that have a food deficit and food insecurity

A

Because they don’t produce enough food and rely heavily on imported food

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9
Q

How does climate change affect food supply

A
  • weeds and pests thrive in warmer climates
  • regions experiencing extreme temperatures and heavy rainfall struggle to produce food
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10
Q

How does technology affect food supply

A
  • without technology, food yields are low
  • mechanisation and agribusinesses give high levels of productivity
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11
Q

How does rising global temperatures affect food supply

A

Cause pests and diseases to spread north and south of the tropics

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12
Q

How does lack of water affect food supply

A
  • lack of water affects areas suffering from food scarcity, particularly sub-Saharan Africa
  • areas are more likely to become drier and more desertified in future
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13
Q

How does conflict affect food supply

A
  • destruction of crops and livestock -> food security -> famine and death
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14
Q

How does poverty affect food supply

A

Poorest people can’t afford any form of technology, irrigation and fertilisers

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15
Q

What is famine

A

A widespread shortage of food often causing malnutrition, starvation and death

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16
Q

What is under nutrition

A

The lack of a balanced diet, and defiency in minerals and vitamins

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17
Q

What are some of the causes of soil erosion

A
  • overgrazing by animals, leaves soil exposed
  • growing crops uses up valuable nutrients and land becomes infertile
  • deforestation for farming removes the protective covering of the trees + increases surface run off
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18
Q

Why are food prices rising across the world

A

Due to increased prices for fertilisers, animal feed, food storage, processing and transportation

19
Q

What are some strategies used to increase food supply

A
  • irrigation
  • aeroponics
  • hydroponics
  • biotechnology
20
Q

What is irrigation

A

The artificial watering of land

21
Q

What are the different methods of irrigation

A
  • extraction of water from rivers or underground aquafiers
  • construction of expensive dams and reservoirs
  • drip irrigation, a pipeline and use of water tanks
22
Q

How do aeroponics work

A

Plants are sprayed with fine water mist containing plant nutrients

23
Q

How do hydroponics work

A

Plants are grown in gravel or mineral-rich water

24
Q

What are the advantages of using aeroponics and hydroponics over soil

A
  • speed up plant growth
  • enables plants to grown throughout all seasons
  • reduces the use of chemicals
25
Q

What are the disadvantages of using hydroponics and aeroponics over soil

A
  • some people think food doesn’t taste as good
  • the cost for heating and lighting is high
26
Q

What was the green revolution

A
  • 1950s-1960s
  • modern farming techniques used to increase food production in poorer parts of the world
27
Q

What was the new green revolution

A
  • 2006
  • In India
  • used techniques like water harvesting, irrigation and soil conservation
28
Q

What is biotechnology and how does it improve food supply

A
  • biotechnology uses living organisms to make or modify products or processes
  • they produce higher yields, use fewer chemicals and reduce carbon emissions
29
Q

What is appropriate technology

A

Using skills or materials that are cheap and easily available to increase output without putting people out of work

30
Q

What is an example of a large-scale agricultural development to increase food supply

A

The Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS)

31
Q

Where is the source of the River Indus

A

High in the Tibetan Plateau

32
Q

Where is the mouth of the River Indus

A

Arabian Sea, Pakistani

33
Q

How does the IBIS distribute and regulate water

A
  • has 3 large dams and over a 100 smaller dams that regulate water flow
34
Q

What are 3 advantages of the IBIS scheme

A
  • irrigation has increased crop yield of wheat, rice and fruit
  • improves food security for Pakistan
  • agriculture-based industries have developed, providing value-added good for export
35
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of the IBIS scheme

A
  • some farmers take an unfair share of water, depriving others downstream
  • poor irrigation techniques mean water is wasted
  • population growth will increase the demand for water in the future
36
Q

What is sustainable food supply

A

Food production that avoids damaging natural resources and providing good quality produce and social, economic and environmental opportunities

37
Q

What is organic farming

A

Growing crops or rearing livestock without the use of chemicals eg genetically modified crops are banned

38
Q

What is permaculture

A

A system or food production which follows the patterns and features of natural ecosystems

39
Q

What is urban farming

A

The cultivation, processing and distribution of food in and around settlements

40
Q

What are the 2 social benefits of urban farming

A
  • new jobs created in deprived urban areas
    -communities come together on joint farming projects
41
Q

2 environmental benefits of urban farming

A
  • brightens up urban environments
  • attracts wildlife such as birds + butterflies
42
Q

Why is eating locally sourced food better for the environment

A

Reduces food miles and carbon footprint

43
Q

What does the Makueni Food and Water Security programme in Kenya include

A
  • improving access to clean + safe water
  • built a rain water harvesting tank on school roof
  • increases food security by providing reliable source of water, crops and livestock
44
Q

How was the Makueni Food and Water Security Programme in Kenya successful

A
  • Crop yields and food security have increased
  • water-borne diseases reduced
  • schools have a safe + clean water supply

Aqa Gcse Geography (14 decks)

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