Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > paper 2 p1 > Flashcards

paper 2 p1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

Keeping the conditions in your body at the right level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 examples of control systems that keep the body steady?

A

Body temperature, glucose level, water level.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How can you control the body systems?

A

Using the nervous system or hormones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 main parts of control systems

A
  • receptors
  • coordination centers (including brain, spinal cord and pancreas)
  • effectors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How the control system works

A

If the level of something changes-
A receptor deflects a stimulus which sends information to a coordination center. The coordination center receives and processes the information. It then organises the response. An effector produces a response. This returns to its optimal level.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a stimuli?

A

A change in the environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the central nervous system consist of? How is it connected to the body?

A

The brain and spinal cord. It is connected to the body via sensory and motor neurons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are receptors? 1 example

A

Receptors are the cells that detect stimuli. For example the ear detects sound.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the sensory neurons?

A

These carry information as electrical impulses from the receptor to the CNS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are effectors? Examples

A

They respond to the electrical impulses and bring about a change. For example muscles and glands. Muscles contract and glands release hormones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are motor neurons?

A

They carry electrical impulses from the CNS to the effectors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the CNS do?

A

It coordinates the response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a synapse?

A

Where two neurons join together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is passes from one neuron to the next and how?

A

Electrical impulses and by chemicals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do the chemicals in a synapse set off?

A

A new electrical impulse in the next neuron.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are reflexes?

A

Automatic responses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do reflexes help you?

A

They help you avoid injury.

18
Q

What is the passage of information in a reflex called? ( from receptor to effector )

A

A reflex arc

19
Q

What is reaction time?

A

The time it takes to react to a stimulus

20
Q

What can affect reaction time?

A

Age,gender,drugs

21
Q

What are hormones?

A

Chemicals released by glands that go straight into the bloodstream.

22
Q

What are the glands called that release hormones?

A

Endocrine glands.

23
Q

What is the pituitary gland?

A

Sometimes called the master gland, produces many hormones that regulate the body conditions, these hormones react on other glands, these glands release hormones that bring around change.

24
Q

What is the thyroid?

A

Produces thyroxine, is involved in regulating things like the rate of metabolism, heart rate and temperature.

25
Q

What do the ovaries do?

A

Produce oestrogen, involved in menstrual cycle.

26
Q

What does the adrenal gland do?

A

Produces adrenaline, prepares the body for the fight or flight response.

27
Q

What do the testes do?

A

Produces testosterone, controls puberty and sperm production.

28
Q

What do the pancreas glands do?

A

Produces insulin, used to regulate the blood glucose levels.

29
Q

What are the differences between nerves and hormones?

A

Nerves -
Very fast acting, act for a very short time, act on a very precise area.
Hormones-
Slower action, act for a long time, act in a more general way.

30
Q

Where are changes in blood concentration monitored and controlled?

A

The pancreas.

31
Q

What happens if blood glucose concentracion gets too high?

A

the pancreas release the hormone insulin

32
Q

What does insulin do?

A

Causes glucose to move into cells.

33
Q

What can glucose be stored as?

A

Glycogen

34
Q

Where is glucose converted into glycogen?

A

The liver and muscle cells.

35
Q

What is type 1 diabetes?

A

Where the pancreas produce little to no insulin.

36
Q

What is type 2 diabetes?

A

Where a person becomes resistant to their own insulin.

37
Q

What does your body start releasing at puberty?

A

Sex hormones

38
Q

What is FHS (follicle stimulating hormone)?

A

Causes an egg to mature in one of the ovaries.

39
Q

What is the LH (luteinising hormone)?

A

Causes the release of an egg (ovulation)?

40
Q

Oestrogen and progesterone?

A

These hormones are involved in the growth and maintenance of the uterus lining.

41
Q

What is fertility?

A

How easy it is for a woman to get pregnant

42
Q

What is contraceptive?

A

Something that stops pregnancy

Biology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions