paper 2 - justification of placement of skills on continua Flashcards
what is a simple skill?
- few decisions
- basic movements
- minimal cognitive processing
e.g. a chest pass in netball is simple as it involves one movement with little decision-making
what is a complex skill?
- multiple decisions
- coordination
- timing
e.g. a gymnastics vault is complex as it involves a series of coordinated movements with high precision and control
why is a penalty kick in football considered complex?
- decision making (aiming/power)
- technical execution (correct striking technique)
- psychological factors (pressure + focus)
what is an open skill?
- performed in a dynamic, unpredictable environment where the performer must adapt to external factors
e.g. dribbling in football is open because the player must respond to defenders, teammates, and the ball’s movement
what is a closed skill?
- performed in a stable, predictable environment where the performer has full control
e.g. a free throw in basketball because there are no external factors influencing the shot
what is a self-paced skill?
- controlled by the performer (determines the timing and speed of the action)
e.g. a tennis serve is self-paced because the player decides when to initiate the serve
what is an externally paced skill?
- dictated by external factors (opponents, teammates, environment)
e.g. receiving a pass in football is externally paced because the timing depends on the passer’s action
what is a gross skill?
- large muscle groups
- powerful, large movements
e.g. a rugby tackle is a gross skill due to the involvement of the whole body and large muscles
what is a fine skill?
- involves small, precise movements
- smaller muscle groups
e.g. archery because it requires precision and control of small muscles, particularly in the hands and fingers
what is a discrete skill?
- a clear BEGGINNING and END
- performed in a single movement
e.g. a shot put throw is discrete because its a one-time action with a definite start and finish
what is serial skill?
- a sequence of discrete skills performed together in a specific order
e.g. a gymnastics routine is serial because it involves linking several individual movements into a sequence
what is a continuous skill?
- no clear beginning and end
- movements are repeated cyclically
e.g. running or cycling
why is hurdling considered a serial skill?
- involves discrete actions (jumping over hurdles), combined with running, requiring a specific sequence of movements
what is a low organisation skill?
- can be easily broken down into smaller parts for practice
- isolated practice
e.g. swimming can be broken down into separate parts (leg kicks, arm strokes) for isolated practice
e.g. triple jump (lots of sub-routines)
what is a high organisation skill?
- cannot be easily broken down
- must be practiced as a whole
- lots of sub-routines
e.g. a cartwheel in gymnastics is high organisation because the movement is fluid and difficult to isolate into parts
e.g. running - cannot be broken down
