Paper 2 - Guidance & Feedback Flashcards
What is Manual Guidance?
Hands on guidance where a coach supports or manipulates the position of the body
Useful for beginners to develop muscle memory and build confidence.
List three advantages of Manual Guidance.
- Helps learners develop muscle memory/kinaesthetic feel
- Useful for beginner performers
- Builds confidence in performers
List three disadvantages of Manual Guidance.
- Can give an unrealistic feel of the motion
- Struggle to remove the manual guidance
- Not possible with big groups
Give an example of Manual Guidance.
Adjusting a golfer’s arm so they are in the correct position to drive the ball
What is Verbal Guidance?
Instruction given in the form of words, explaining movements or skills verbally or identifying strengths or weaknesses of a performance
Useful for experienced performers to receive technical guidance and tactics.
List three advantages of Verbal Guidance.
- Can be given during a performance
- Detailed guidance can be given in a short amount of time
- Useful for experienced performers
List three disadvantages of Verbal Guidance.
- If not clear and concise, it can be confusing
- Less useful for beginners who may find the technical language confusing
- Doesn’t develop muscle memory or a kinaesthetic sense of the movement
Give an example of Verbal Guidance.
Giving instructions from the sideline to push up as a defensive unit in football
What is Visual Guidance?
Guidance in the form of a video/picture or demonstration that helps learners form a mental picture of the skill
Useful for beginners to copy from demonstrations.
List three advantages of Visual Guidance.
- Quick method to use
- Often easier to remember than verbal instruction
- Useful for beginners
List three disadvantages of Visual Guidance.
- Must be an accurate visual or skill can be learned incorrectly
- Less useful for complex skills as they are difficult to copy and replicate
- Doesn’t develop muscle memory or a kinaesthetic sense of the movement
Give an example of Visual Guidance.
Showing a person a slow motion image of their layup so they can see the errors
What is Mechanical Guidance?
Guidance using equipment, apparatus, or aids that assist the performer in performing a skill
Increases safety for performers trying dangerous activities.
List three advantages of Mechanical Guidance.
- Increases the safety for performers trying dangerous activities
- Gives performers a sense of security, increasing confidence
- Useful for complex skills
List three disadvantages of Mechanical Guidance.
- Dependent on support and resist its removal
- Dangerous if equipment not checked properly/malfunctions
- Unrealistic feel of the motion
Give an example of Mechanical Guidance.
Using a float in swimming
What is Feedback in sports psychology?
Information that is given to a performer either during or after their performance with the aim of improving future performances.
Give 2 sporting examples of Intrinsic Feedback.
- A golf player feeling that they hit the shot perfectly after a drive
- A fly half in rugby executing their kick to perfection, hitting the sweet spot of the ball.
Give 2 sporting examples of Extrinsic Feedback.
- A coach calling out ‘next time look to use the inside of your foot rather than your laces, that’s where it went wrong’
- A hockey player being told by their coach that their shot was well executed.
What is Positive Feedback?
Reinforcing skill learning and giving information about a successful outcome.
Give 2 sporting examples of Positive Feedback.
- A coach saying ‘well done’ when a pass in netball is performed correctly
- A coach calling out ‘excellent pass and run, well done!’ to their player.
What is Negative Feedback?
Constructive information about an unsuccessful outcome, which can be used to build strategies that are more successful.
Give 2 sporting examples of Negative Feedback.
- A coach telling a badminton player that their grip is incorrect
- A coach calling out ‘next time look to use the inside of your foot rather than your laces, that’s where it went wrong’.
